Etiology of Diarrhea Non Infective infective Viruses Allergic Bacteria Symptomatic Inappropriate feeding Parasites Food intolerance Fungi Climate 11
11 Etiology of Diarrhea Infective Non infective Viruses Bacteria Parasites Fungi Allergic Symptomatic Inappropriate feeding Food intolerance Climate
Viral Enteropathogens Viral enteropathogens cause most illnesses in pediatric population. ■ Rotavirus (morn than 50%acute diarrhea) Astrovirus Norwalk virus Coronavirus Calicivirus Enteric adenovirus (serotypes 40 and 41) 12
12 Viral Enteropathogens Viral enteropathogens cause most illnesses in pediatric population. ◼ Rotavirus (morn than 50% acute diarrhea) ◼ Astrovirus ◼ Norwalk virus ◼ Coronavirus ◼ Calicivirus ◼ Enteric adenovirus (serotypes 40 and 41)
Rotavirus 13
13 Rotavirus
Bacterial Enteropathogens The most common cause of childhood diarrhea second only to the viral enteropathogens Escherichia coli EPEC;ETEC;EITC;EHEC;EAEC ◆ Campylobacter jejuni Shigella species Salmonella typhimurium Yersinia enterocolitica Staphylococcus aureus Clostridium difficile Vibrio cholerae 14
14 The most common cause of childhood diarrhea second only to the viral enteropathogens ◼ Escherichia coli EPEC; ETEC; EITC; EHEC; EAEC ◼ Campylobacter jejuni ◼ Shigella species ◼ Salmonella typhimurium ◼ Yersinia enterocolitica ◼ Staphylococcus aureus ◼ Clostridium difficile ◼ Vibrio cholerae Bacterial Enteropathogens
Parasites Pathogens Rare etiologic pathogen of diarrhea Cryptosporidium parvum Entamoeba histolytic Giardia lamblia 15
15 Rare etiologic pathogen of diarrhea ◼ Cryptosporidium parvum ◼ Entamoeba histolytic ◼ Giardia lamblia Parasites Pathogens