$ 1.3 Tractive Force & Driving Resistance--SpeedCharacteristics and Dynamic Characteristics（驱动力-行驶阻力平衡图与动力特性图）l.Tractive Force & Driving Resistance-Speed CharacteristicsFromDriving EquationF=F,+Fw+F+F1F=Ff, +Fwwhen level road & constant speed(DrivingResistancecomprisesof FrandFw)Chapter1 AccelerationPerformance
Chapter 1 Acceleration Performance §1.3 Tractive Force & Driving Resistance—Speed Characteristics and Dynamic Characteristics （驱动力-行驶阻力平衡图与动力特性图） 1. Tractive Force & Driving Resistance—Speed Characteristics From Driving Equation: when level road & constant speed （Driving Resistance comprises of Ff and FW） F F F F F t f W i j F F F t f W 1
TqioignrF:F, =GfFFtFw=CAu21.15Ft3F, +EwFt4ukm/hu.,TractiveForce &DrivingResistanceSpeedCharacteristics2Chapter1AccelerationPerformance
Chapter 1 Acceleration Performance Tractive Force & Driving Resistance—Speed Characteristics Ft1 Ft 2 Ft3 Ft 4 F F f W Ff a u ua ，km/ h F Gf f tq g T 0 t T i i F r 2 21.15 D a W C Au F Ft 2
FFtlFt3Ff +EwFt4km/ hu.3Chapter1AccelerationPerformance
Chapter 1 Acceleration Performance Ft1 Ft 2 Ft3 Ft 4 F F f W ua ，km/ h Ft 3
TractiveForce&DrivingResistanceSpeedCharacteristics ofAudi-A4800070006000Ft15000Ft2Ft3Z4000Ft4AFt53000Ft6Ff+Fw2000100010203050607080010011012013014015016017018019020021022023024025026027028029030031040u. /(km·h-l)Chapter1 AccelerationPerformance
Chapter 1 Acceleration Performance 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 ua/(km/h) F /N Ft1 Ft2 Ft3 Ft4 Ft5 Ft6 Ff+Fw 1 a u /(km h ) Tractive Force & Driving Resistance— Speed Characteristics of Audi-A4 4
(1)MaximumVehicleSpeed(km/h)Uamax(> uamax is the corresponding x-coordinate of the crosspoint of the driving resistance curve and thetractive force curve of the highest gear.F. = 0uamaxF=05Chapter1AccelerationPerformance
Chapter 1 Acceleration Performance （1）Maximum Vehicle Speed——uamax(km/h) uamax is the corresponding x-coordinate of the cross point of the driving resistance curve and the tractive force curve of the highest gear. max 0 0 i a j F u F 5