特殊路由 组播的基本概念 组播地址管理 IGMP 内部组播路由协议 MBGP ●MSDP 移动路由 东南大学1
东南大学 1 特殊路由 • 组播的基本概念 • 组播地址管理 • IGMP • 内部组播路由协议 • MBGP • MSDP • 移动路由
组播的基本概念 为什么采用组播? 向多位接收者发送相同的信息 只在需要时进行包复制,提高带宽利用率 收件人地址未知 成员可以动态加入或退出 IP multicast-ena bled network 可以提供端一端组播服务的网络 主机可以向它所附接的路由器表达自己的群关系 路由器可以在彼此之间传递群关系,并按群关系 转发组播报文 东南大学2
东南大学 2 组播的基本概念 • 为什么采用组播？ –向多位接收者发送相同的信息 –只在需要时进行包复制，提高带宽利用率 –收件人地址未知 –成员可以动态加入或退出 • IP multicast-enabled network – 可以提供端－端组播服务的网络 – 主机可以向它所附接的路由器表达自己的群关系 – 路由器可以在彼此之间传递群关系，并按群关系 转发组播报文
单播/组播 组播的基本概念 单播 主机 路由器 组播 主机 路由器 东南大学3
东南大学 3 单播/组播 主机 路由器 单播 主机 路由器 组播 组播的基本概念
组播的基本概念 One-to-Many Applications A single host sending to two or more(n)receivers Scheduled audio/video(a/v) distribution: Lectures, presentations, meetings, or any other type of scheduled event Push media: News headlines, weather updates, sports scores, or other types of non-essential dynamic information File Distribution and Caching: Web site content, executable binaries, and other file-based updates sent to distributed end-user or replication/caching sites Announcements network time, multicast session schedules, random numbers, keys, configuration updates. or other types of information that are commonly useful 东南大学4
东南大学 4 One-to-Many Applications Many Applications • A single host sending to two or more (n) receivers – Scheduled audio/video (a/v) distribution: Lectures, presentations, meetings, or any other type of scheduled event. – Push media: News headlines, weather updates, sports scores, or other types of non-essential dynamic information. – File Distribution and Caching: Web site content, executable binaries, and other file-based updates sent to distributed end-user or replication/caching sites – Announcements: Network time, multicast session schedules, random numbers, keys, configuration updates, or other types of information that are commonly useful. 组播的基本概念
组播的基本概念 Many-to-Many Applications Any number of hosts sending to the same multicast group address, as well as receiving from it Multimedia Conferencing: Audio/video and whiteboard comprise the classic conference application. Synchronized resources: Shared distributed databases of any type(schedules, directories, traditional Information System databases, etc. Collaboration: Shared document editing Distributed Interactive Simulations Dis: Each object in a simulation multicasts descriptive information so all other objects can render the object, and interact as necessary. 东南大学5
东南大学 5 Many-to-Many Applications Many Applications • Any number of hosts sending to the same multicast group address, as well as receiving from it – Multimedia Conferencing: Audio/Video and whiteboard comprise the classic conference application. – Synchronized Resources: Shared distributed databases of any type (schedules, directories, traditional Information System databases, etc.) – Collaboration: Shared document editing. – Distributed Interactive Simulations [DIS]: Each object in a simulation multicasts descriptive information so all other objects can render the object, and interact as necessary. 组播的基本概念