Who is Stakeholder Stakeholders can be classified as: Customers-An organization or individual that has requested a product and will receive the product to be delivered.Examples: An end user of the product The acquiring agent for the end user The requestor of the work product from a technical effort - Other interested parties who provide broad overarching constraints within which the customers'needs must be achieved, or who have influence on success of the system.Examples: Those affected by the resulting product Those affected by the manner in which the product is realized or used Those who have a responsibility for providing life-cycle support services (e.g.design,manufacturing,operations,maintenance) System Engineering by J.J.Gao CLGO 16
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Example of Stakeholders Relative to Stakeholder Org Typical Expectations Expected level of product quality,delivered Customer on time,affordable,life cycle support External services Subcontractors/vendors Well defined requirements Local,State,National Public Products must not contaminate the environment Internal Commitments met(cost,schedule), Org Management good status provided,compliance with org policies,directives and procedures Internal PM Expected technical work products delivered on time and can be used for decision making Technical Team members clear tasks,job security,rewards,teamwork Functional Organizations Test support products available,clear test (e.g.,test) requirements,recognition for project help Systeili clyineerng by J.J. Gao ③cLso 17
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How to Identify Stakeholders Method 1:Stakeholders can be identified by asking the following questions: Who is paying for the system? ● Who is going to use the system? ● Who is going to judge the fitness of the system for use? ● What agencies(government)and entities(non-government)regulate any aspect of the system? What laws govern the construction,deployment,and operation of the system? ● Who is involved in any aspect of the specification,design,construction,testing, maintenance and retirement of the system? ● Who will be negatively affected if the system is built? Who else cares if this system exists or doesn't exist? System Engineering by J.J. Gao ③cLso 18
+ - System Engineering by J. J. Gao 18 How to Identify Stakeholders Method 1: Stakeholders can be identified by asking the following questions:
How to Identify Stakeholders Method 2:Baseline approach Baseline stakeholder: Users:Primary,Secondary,Tertiary √Developers: Legislators:National or international √Decision Maker: The networks around the baseline stakeholders 1.Identify all specific roles within the baseline stakeholder group; 2.Identify 'supplier'stakeholders for each baseline role; 3.Identify 'client'stakeholders for each baseline role; 4.Identify 'satellite'stakeholders for each baseline role; 5.Repeat steps 1 to 4 for each of the stakeholder groups identified in steps 2 to 4 System Engineering by J.J. CLGO Gao 19
+ - System Engineering by J. J. Gao 19 How to Identify Stakeholders • Method 2: Baseline approach • Baseline stakeholder: Users: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Developers: Legislators: National or international Decision Maker: • The networks around the baseline stakeholders
How to Identify Stakeholders Example:Please identify the stakeholders of the Smart Grid System A Smart Grid System: "An automated,widely distributed energy delivery network,the Smart Grid will be characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information and will be capable of monitoring everything from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances. It incorporates into the grid the benefits of distributed computing and communications to deliver real-time information and enable the near-instantaneous balance of supply and demand at the device level" System Engineering by J.J. Gao 20
+ - System Engineering by J. J. Gao 20 How to Identify Stakeholders Example: Please identify the stakeholders of the Smart Grid System A Smart Grid System: