●●0●● ●●0 ●。● o family scale and consumption 1)Child is the core of the family (2)Parents responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500% in the last 16 years In the western provinces. it will take a family's ten -year income to support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for children's wedding, housing expenditure, grandchildren nursing etc
⚫ family scale and consumption (1) Child is the core of the family. (2) Parent’s responsibility and expenditure for children ➢ Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their social class in the future. ➢ The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family expenditure. ➢ University tuition fee has increased by 2500% in the last 16 years. In the western provinces, it will take a family’s ten-year income to support one child to finish the college education. ➢ Parents also responsible for children’s wedding, housing expenditure, grandchildren nursing etc
●●0●● ●●0 ●。● The features of the 80s and 90s ● Early maturity ● Individualism ● Materialism ● Spending not saving Seeking fashion and taste ●●●0●● ●●●●●●●0。●●@。●0●●0●0●0●0。●●●●0●●●
The features of the 80s and 90s ⚫ Early maturity ⚫ Individualism ⚫ Materialism ⚫ Spending not saving ⚫ Seeking fashion and taste
●●0●● ●●0 ●。● ◆ Aging population The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing China's population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded as late as 25 years ago, China was concerned it had too many children to support. Today, however, China faces the opposite problem: as a result of the success of its"one-chlla policy, the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
◆ Aging population 2000 2050 The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing China's population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded. As late as 25 years ago, China was concerned it had too many children to support. Today, however, China faces the opposite problem: as a result of the success of its "one-child" policy, the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting rich? Age structure of China's population of 5 national population census 100 90% 80% 70% 60% 65 and over 50 15-64 40% 0-14 30% 20% 10% 1
Getting old before getting rich? Age structure of China’s population of 5 national population census 0 % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1 2 3 4 5 65 and Over 15-64 0-14
ge Dependency Ratio of Population ar Gross de pe ndency ratio Children dependency Old de pe nde ncy ratio ratio 1953 68.6 61.2 7.4 1982 62.6 54.6 8.0 1990 49.8 8.3 1995 48.8 39.6 2000 42.6 32.6 9.9 2005 38.8 28.1 10.7 2007 37.9 26.8 2008 37.4 26.0
Age Dependency Ratio of Population year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio 1953 1982 1990 1995 2000 2005 2007 2008 68.6 62.6 49.8 48.8 42.6 38.8 37.9 37.4 61.2 54.6 41.5 39.6 32.6 28.1 26.8 26.0 7.4 8.0 8.3 9.2 9.9 10.7 11.1 11.3