Outline ·§2.1 Newton's Laws of Motion -Force Four fundamental forces Newton's law of universal gravitation Contact Noncontact forces ● The Principle of Force Superposition -Newton's Laws -Application of Newton's Laws 2.2 Galilean Principle of Relativity Noninertial Reference Frames 11 上海交大董占海
上海交大 董占海 11 Outline •§2.1 Newton’s Laws of Motion –Force • Four fundamental forces • Newton’s law of universal gravitation • Contact & Noncontact forces • The Principle of Force Superposition –Newton’s Laws –Application of Newton’s Laws •§ 2.2 Galilean Principle of Relativity & Noninertial Reference Frames
2.NEWTON'S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION Moon A B Earth 9 米 12 上海交大董占海
上海交大 董占海 12 2. NEWTON'S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION *
NEWTON'S LAW OF Earth UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION Every particle in the universe exerts an attractive force on every other particle F mM Moon The symbol G denotes the universal gravitational constant,whose value is found experimentally to be G=6.67259×10-11Nm2/kg2 M 13 上海交大董占海
上海交大 董占海 13 r r mM GFr r 3 −= M m r r F r − F r NEWTON'S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION Every particle in the universe exerts an attractive force on every other particle The symbol G denotes the universal gravitational constant, whose value is found experimentally to be G = 6.672 59 × 10-11 N·m2/kg2
切物体：%=c(精度：10n ma 令：m;=ma 实验证明：在同一地点一切自 由落体具有相同的加速度 F-G Mma mig mi.. GM → M Ma 8R2 R G,M,R:常数，故比值为常数 14 上海交大董占海
上海交大 董占海 14 a a i m c m m = = − i 11 m 10 令： 一切物体： （精度： ） 实验证明: 在同一地点一切自 由落体具有相同的 加速度 2 2 gR GM m m gm r Mm GF a i i a =⇒ == ，， RMG ：常数 , 故比值为常数 R M m F
重力 F=F间+p F=G mM R2 可证： p=F(1-0.0035c0s2p),p为纬度 上海交大董占海 15
上海交大 董占海 15 重力 e pFF r r r 向 += 2 R mM e = GF （ 为纬度 可证： ),cos. ϕϕ2 −= 003501 Fp e F e r p r F向 r ϕ