Open-Circuit VoltageduringBattery DischargeTypical DischargeCharacteristicsDischarge curveFullyChargedNominalareaExponentialExponentialareaNominalNom MaxExponentialCapacity (Ah)
Open-Circuit Voltage during Battery Discharge
Open-Circuit VoltageduringBattery ChargeTypical ChargeCharacteristicsMaximum()enNominalLead-AcidLi-lon600204080100120State-of-Charge (%)Typical ChargeCharacteristicsMaximum() onNominalNiMH&NiCD040602080100120State-of-Charge (%)
Open-Circuit Voltage during Battery Charge
BatteryResponseDynamicsTheresponsetimeofthebattery(at95%ofthefinalvalue)Thisvaluerepresentsthevoltagedynamicsand canbeobservedwhenacurrent step is applied:X:4196Battery Voltage(V)1.28Y: 1.271.26X:4130Y:1.2691.24X:4100Y.125405U410039003950400041504200Batterydischargecurrent(A)64203950400040504100415042003900Time
Battery Response Dynamics The response time of the battery (at 95% of the final value). This value represents the voltage dynamics and can be observed when a current step is applied:
Some Typical Battery Models
Some Typical Battery Models
Battery Model Structure 1:Voltage-ResistorModelsFirstorderlow-passfilterInternal0(Discharge)t)SelResistanceito+1 (Charge)battAExp(s)Sel(s)1/(B-i(t))·s+1ExpVbatt>ControlledEcharge=fi(it,i*,Exp,BattTpe)voltageEbattEdischarge=f2(it,i*,Exp,BattType)sourceSource:Mathworks,Inc
Source: Mathworks, Inc. Battery Model Structure 1: Voltage-Resistor Models