Seizures Prof Jiang Li Department of Neurology Childrens Hospital of cHUMs
Seizures Prof. Jiang Li Department of Neurology Children’s Hospital of CHUMS
Definitions ◆ Seizure(发作): a sudden attack, spasm,or convulsion, as in epilepsy or another disorder ◆ Epileptic seizure(癫痫样发作): a transient episode of abnormal and excessive neuronal activity in the brain that is apparent either to the subject or an observer ◆ Epilepsy(癫痫): a chronic disorder of the brain characterized by recurrent, unprovoked epileptic seizures
Definitions Seizure （发作）: a sudden attack, spasm, or convulsion, as in epilepsy or another disorder Epileptic seizure（癫痫样发作）: a transient episode of abnormal and excessive neuronal activity in the brain that is apparent either to the subject or an observer. Epilepsy（癫痫）: a chronic disorder of the brain characterized by recurrent, unprovoked epileptic seizures
Features of epileptic seizures The abnormal neuronal activity during an epileptic seizure may be manifested as a motor, sensor autonomic, cognitive. or psychic disturbance. The neurophysiological basis is inferred on clinical grounds o a convulsion is a subtype of seizure in which motor activity occurs Can be provoked in individuals who do not have epilepsy( examples of provoking insults including fever, trauma, hypoglycaemia and hypoxia) There are many paroxysmal disturbances( funny turns)that mimic epileptic seizures
Features of epileptic seizures The abnormal neuronal activity during an epileptic seizure may be manifested as a motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, or psychic disturbance. The neurophysiological basis is inferred on clinical grounds. A convulsion is a subtype of seizure in which motor activity occurs. Can be provoked in individuals who do not have epilepsy ( examples of provoking insults including fever,trauma, hypoglycaemia and hypoxia) There are many paroxysmal disturbances (‘funny turns’) that mimic epileptic seizures
Different diagnosis of epileptic seizures Breath-holding attacks: provoked by temper or frustration the screaming toddle holds their breath in expiration, goes blue, then limp, and then makes a rapid spontaneous recovery Reflex anoxic seizures: provoked by pain or fear; the infant or toddler becomes pale and loses consciousness( reflecting syncope secondary to vagal-induced bradycardia), The subsequent hypoxia may induced a tonic-clonic seizure Vasovagal syncope(simple faints ) usually occurs in teenagers; provoked by emotion, hot environment preceded by nausea and dizziness; sudden loss of consciousness and posture, rapld recovery 9 Rigors: transient exaggerated shivering in association with high fever
Different diagnosis of epileptic seizures Breath-holding attacks: provoked by temper or frustration;the screaming toddle holds their breath in expiration,goes blue, then limp, and then makes a rapid spontaneous recovery. Reflex anoxic seizures: provoked by pain or fear; the infant or toddler becomes pale and loses consciousness( reflecting syncope, secondary to vagal-induced bradycardia); The subsequent hypoxia may induced a tonic-clonic seizure. Vasovagal syncope (simple faints): usually occurs in teenagers; provoked by emotion, hot environment; preceded by nausea and dizziness; sudden loss of consciousness and posture; rapid recovery. Rigors: transient exaggerated shivering in association with high fever
O Classification of epileptic seizures e Generalized seizures. the first clinical change indicates initial involvement of both cerebral hemispheres e Partial seizures. there is initial activation of pare of one cerebral hemisphere
Classification of epileptic seizures Generalized seizures: the first clinical change indicates initial involvement of both cerebral hemispheres Partial seizures: there is initial activation of pare of one cerebral hemisphere