3.ClassificationResonanceNormal国HyperresonanceEmphysemaTympanyCavity orpneumothorax国DullnessHydrothorax, atelectasis咖FlatnessMassive Hydrothorax国
3. Classification ◼ Resonance Normal ◼ Hyperresonance Emphysema ◼ Tympany Cavity or pneumothorax ◼ Dullness Hydrothorax, atelectasis ◼ Flatness Massive Hydrothorax
4.NormalsoundLung's sound in percussionResonanceSlight dullness in some areas (upper, right, back)duetothickness of musclesandskeletons
4. Normal sound Lung’s sound in percussion Resonance Slight dullness in some areas (upper, right, back) due to thickness of muscles and skeletons
4.Normal soundBorder oflungs in percussionApex of lungs口Kronig'sisthmus:5cminwidthNarrow.TB,fibrosiswider:emphysemaAnteriorborderabsolutecardiacdullnessareaLowerborder6th, 8th, 10th intercostal space in midclavicular line,midaxillary line,scapular line,respectivelyDown:emphysemaUp:atelectasis,intraabdominal pressure goes up
4. Normal sound Border of lungs in percussion Apex of lungs ◼ Kronig’s isthmus: 5cm in width ◼ Narrow: TB, fibrosis ◼ wider: emphysema Anterior border ◼ absolute cardiac dullness area Lower border ◼ 6 th, 8th, 10th intercostal space in midclavicular line, midaxillary line, scapular line, respectively ◼ Down: emphysema ◼ Up: atelectasis, intraabdominal pressure goes up
4. Normal sound Shifting range of bottom of lungAlong the scapular linePercussing bottom of lung, markingShifting range ofbottomof lungAsking the pat.to inspire deeply and hold6-8cmPercussing bottom of lung,markingAsking the pat.to expire deeply and holdDecreased: emphysema, atelactasis.Percussing bottom of lung,markingfibrosis, pulmo. edema, pneumoniaDetectedimpossibly:pleura adhesionMeasuring the dist. between upper and lower linesmassive hydrothorax, pneumothorax,diaphragmatic paralysis
4. Normal sound s Shifting range of bottom of lung 6-8 cm Shifting range of bottom of lung Along the scapular line Percussing bottom of lung, marking Asking the pat. to inspire deeply and hold Percussing bottom of lung, marking Asking the pat. to expire deeply and hold Percussing bottom of lung, marking Measuring the dist. between upper and lower lines ◼ Decreased: emphysema, atelactasis, fibrosis, pulmo. edema, pneumonia ◼ Detected impossibly: pleura adhesion, massive hydrothorax, pneumothorax, diaphragmatic paralysis
5.Abnormal sound Dullness, flatness, hyperresonance or tympanyappear in the area of supposed resonance.Unchangedsound(resonance) The depth of the lesion > 5 cm The diameter of the lesion < 3 cmMildhydrothorax
5. Abnormal sound Dullness, flatness, hyperresonance or tympany appear in the area of supposed resonance. Unchanged sound (resonance) ◼ The depth of the lesion > 5 cm ◼ The diameter of the lesion 3 cm ◼ Mild hydrothorax