情态动词和虚拟语气高考题 2011年高考题 1(2011全国卷,32) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed A will B can C. must should 答案D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为他们本该午饭时到达,但他们的航班推迟了。" will have done将来 可以完成: can have done可能做过…吗?表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句: must have done 一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测: should have done本来应该做某事,而实际没做。 but their flight was delayed这样的结果,说明他们本来该到达却没有到达,因此选D 2.(2011全国卷I18) smoke, please go outside. A can B. should C. must D. may 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽。"must(表示主张)定要,坚 持要。根据后一句 please go outs ide的要求,选C。 3.(2011北京卷,24 i don t really like James. Why did you invite him? come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were A. must not B need not C would not D. might not 答案D 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一我真不喜欢 James。你为何请了他?一—别担心。他可能来不 了。他说他的计划还没安排好。"题干中的 he wasn't certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全 否定 might not。选D 4.(2011北京卷2 Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined wish they always late A. werent B. hadn 't been c. wouldn 't be d. wouldn 't have been 答案A
1 情态动词和虚拟语气高考题 2011 年高考题 1.(2011 全国卷,32) They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A.will B.can C.must D.should 答案 D 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done 将来 可以完成；can have done 可能做过……吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done 一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done 本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flight was delayed 这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选 D。 2.(2011 全国卷 II,8) If you ______ smoke, please go outside. A. can B. should C. must D. may 答案 C 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚 持要。根据后一句 please go outside 的要求，选 C。 3.（2011 北京卷,24） ——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him ? ——Don’t worry. He ______ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not 答案 D 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——我真不喜欢 James。你为何请了他？——别担心。他可能来不 了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的 he wasn’t certain 说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全 否定 might not。选 D。 4.（2011 北京卷,28） ——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. ——I wish they ______ always late. A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been 答案 A
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”一一孩子们哪儿去了?这顿饭快要吃不起来了。一一我但愿他们不要 老是迟到。"wish引出虚拟语气,题干中出现 always,从句虚拟使用一般过去时 选A 5.(2011北京卷,30) erature then, I would be ab A. studied B would study C had studied D. was studying 答案C 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科,现在就能给你更多的帮 助。"then表示过去的时间,i引导的从句是对过去的虚拟,因此使用过去完成时。选C 6.(2011天津卷,15) sooner but i didn t know that they were waiting for me A had come b was com ing C would come D would have come 答案D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”我本来可以早点来,但我真不知道他们在等我。" but i didnt know 表示了过去时间,因此前句是对过去的虚拟,用主语+ should/woud/coud/ might+ have done 表达,故选 7.(2011上海春招,27 Some young people these days just go out of their homes to contact the real world A. mustnt B wont C. mightn't D shouldnt 答案B 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为"现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。" mustnt禁 止,不允许;wont不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主观性: m ightn't可能不: shouldnt不应该。根据句 意选B 8.(2011江苏卷,34) I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official --How unbe livable to get it back! I mean, someone A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C should have stolen D. must have stolen 答案B 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”一一我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是,有人拾到交给了铁 路部 失而复得,简直难以置信!我是说,本来可能有人会偷了去。" will have done将来可以完 成, must have done一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测,都与题意不符。 should have done
2 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要 老是迟到。”wish 引出虚拟语气，题干中出现 always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。 选 A。 5.（2011 北京卷,30） Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 答案 C 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮 助。”then 表示过去的时间，if 引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选 C。 6.（2011 天津卷,15） I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 答案 D 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know 表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达，故选 D。 7.（2011 上海春招,27） Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustn’t B. won’t C. mightn’t D. shouldn’t 答案 B 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t 禁 止，不允许；won’t 不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightn’t 可能不；shouldn’t 不应该。根据句 意选 B。 8.（2011 江苏卷,34） ——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. ——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 答案 B 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁 路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done 将来可以完 成，must have done 一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done
本来应该做某事,而实际没做,这就意味着希望有人偷包。 might have stolen过去可能做过,语气比较 婉转或不肯定,根据句意选B。 9.(2011福建卷25) Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? I am afraid you in case he comes late for the meeting A will B must C. may Dcan 答案B 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗?一一恐怕你得这样做,以防他 开会迟到。"must(表示必要、命令或强制)必须得。根据后半句,选B。 10.(2011福建卷,34) -Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution it but I was busy preparing for a job interview A attended b had attended c would attend d would have attended 答案D 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为”一一真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。一一我本可以去听的 但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟,用主语+ should/woud/ could/ might+ have done表达 故选D 11.(2011安徽卷,26) What do you think of store shopping in the future Personally, i think it will exist along with home sho pping but A. will never replace B would ne C will never be replaced D. would never be replaced 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一你对将来的商店购物怎么看?一一我个人认为会与在家购物并存 但商店购物不会被取代。〃根据 I think it will exist along with homeshopping,排除虚拟的选项 这是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选C。 12.(2011浙江卷,11) -How's your new babysitter? e ask for a better one all our kids love her so much A. should B might C. mustnt D. couldnt 答案D
3 本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较 婉转或不肯定，根据句意选 B。 9.（2011 福建卷,25） ——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? ——I am afraid you ______, in case he comes late for the meeting . A.will B.must C.may D.can 答案 B 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？——恐怕你得这样做，以防他 开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选 B。 10.（2011 福建卷,34） ——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. ——I ______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.would have attended 答案 D 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。——我本可以去听的， 但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达， 故选 D。 11.（2011 安徽卷, 26） ——What do you think of store shopping in the future? ——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____. A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced 答案 C 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你对将来的商店购物怎么看？——我个人认为会与在家购物并存， 但商店购物不会被取代。”根据 I think it will exist along with homeshopping，排除虚拟的选项 D， 这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选 C。 12.(2011 浙江卷,11) ——How’s your new babysitter? ——We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should B.might C. mustn‘t D. couldn’t 答案 D
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一你的新保姆怎么样?一一找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢 她。" should应该; might可能,可以: mustn禁止: couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。 13.(2011四川卷,20) The police still havent found the lost child, but they re doing all they A can B. may c. must Dshould 答案A 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为~警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在儆他们所能做的一 切。"can可以,能够:may可能,许可:must必须: should应该。根据句意,选A。 14.(2011重庆卷,2 --Why didnt you come to simons party last night? I wanted to but my mom simply not let me out so late at nig ht A. could B. might C would D. should 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一昨晚你为什么没来参加 Simon的聚会?一一我想来的,但我妈 妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。" could可以,能够,表示可能性或用于婉转语气: might可能,表示不确定 would愿意,偏要,表示意志; should应该,表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C 15.(2011陕西卷,22) through that bitter period without your generous help A. couldnt have gone B didn t go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone 答案A 解析:考査虚拟语气的用法。句意为”没有你的慷慨帮助,我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。" that bitter period表示过去的时间,对过去的虚拟语气用主语+ should/woud/ could/ might+ have done表 达,故选A 16.(2011陕西卷,24) me a story have one if you go to bed as soon as possible A. might B. must C could D. shal 答案D 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为”一一妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗?-一好的,如果你马上上床睡 觉的话。"sha用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等,题中 是母亲对儿子的承诺,故选D
4 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样？——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢 她。”should 应该；might 可能，可以；mustn‘t 禁止；couldn’t 不可能。根据句意选 D。 13.（2011 四川卷,20） The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they ______. A.can B.may C.must D.should 答案 A 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一 切。”can 可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must 必须；should 应该。根据句意，选 A。 14.（2011 重庆卷,25） ——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night? —— I wanted to ,but my mom simply ______ not let me out so late at night. A. could B. might C. would D. should 答案 C 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加 Simon 的聚会？——我想来的，但我妈 妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could 可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might 可能，表示不确定； would 愿意，偏要，表示意志；should 应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选 C。 15.（2011 陕西卷,22） I _____ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone 答案 A 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period 表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表 达，故选 A。 16.（2011 陕西卷,24） ——Will you read me a story ,Mummy? ——OK. You ______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. A. might B. must C. could D. shall 答案 D 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？——好的，如果你马上上床睡 觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中 是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选 D
17.(2011湖南卷,28) No one compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball A. can B. need C. must D. might 答案A 解析:考査情态动词的用法。句意为在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。"can可以,能够;need需要 must必须; might可能。故根据题意,选A。 18(2011辽宁卷21) If you go, at least wait until the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will 答案C 解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为如果你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。"can可以,能够 may可能,许可;must(表示主张)一定要,坚持要:wⅢ将要,愿意。根据后句的劝告,选C 19.(2011江西卷23)It be the postman at the door. It's only six o clock A. mustn ' B cant C wont D needn 't 答案:B 解析:考査虚拟语气的用法。句意为"不可能是邮递员在门口,才六点钟呢。" mustnt禁止,不允许:cant 不可能;wont不愿意,就是不,偏不; needn't不需要。根据后一句中"现在仅仅是六点”,only一词 肯定语气强烈,前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B 20.(2011江西卷28)We John s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A will put B will have put C. would put D. would have put 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为要不是因为他最近受伤,我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛 名单中。" but for是虚拟语气的提示, yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟,用主语+ should/ uld/ could/ might+ have done表达,故选B 2010年高考题 1.(10安徽32) Jack described his father who a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed ma A would be B would have been C. must be D. must have been
5 17.（2011 湖南卷,28） No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. A. can B. need C. must D. might 答案 A 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can 可以，能够；need 需要； must 必须；might 可能。故根据题意，选 A。 18.(2011 辽宁卷,21) If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will 答案 C 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can 可以，能够； may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will 将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选 C。 19.（2011 江西卷 23）It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock. A. mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.needn’t 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustn’t 禁止，不允许；can’t 不可能；won’t 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only 一词 肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选 B。 20.（2011 江西卷 28）We _____ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把 John 的名字加进昨天的比赛 名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示，yesterday 表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done 表达，故选 B。 2010 年高考题 1. （10 安徽 32） Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong–willed man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been