第二章物质结构基础(Structureof Matter).What are atomic structures and interatomic bonds ?. What are the equilibrium separation and thebondingenergybetween atomsWhat is the difference in structures betweencrystalline and noncrystalline materialsWhat is solid solutionWhat is the importance of phase diagramsWhat is the characteristic of materials surface
第二章 物质结构基础 (Structure of Matter) •What are atomic structures and interatomic bonds ? • What are the equilibrium separation and the bonding energy between atoms • What is the difference in structures between crystalline and noncrystalline materials • What is solid solution • What is the importance of phase diagrams • What is the characteristic of materials surface
2-1物质的形态及材料结构(States of Matter and Structure of Materials)2-1-1物质的形态(States of Matter)三种主要状态:排列距离作用力形状固定体积气态无无远小无规律(gas state)无有液态较近中等局部有序(liquid state)有固态结晶小强有有规律(solid state)有有小非晶强局部有序
排列 距离 作用力 固定体积 形状 气态 无规律 远 小 无 无 (gas state) 液态 局部有序 较近 中等 有 无 (liquid state) 固态 结晶 有规律 小 强 有 有 (solid state) 非晶 局部有序 小 强 有 有 2-1-1 物质的形态 ( States of Matter ) 三种主要状态: 2-1 物质的形态及材料结构 (States of Matter and Structure of Materials)
2-1-2 材料结构的涵义(Meaning of Material Structure)材料结构:是影响材料性能的基本因素随化学组成及外界条件改变"“Macroscopic""肉眼可见宏观组织结构:>10-4 m图显微组织结构:10-4~10-8 m显微镜观察"“Microscopic""图原子或分子排列结构:10-10mOrganization of atoms or moleculesSubatomic structure10-13 m原子中的电子结构:
材料结构: 是影响材料性能的基本因素, 随化学组成及外界条件改变 宏观组织结构: >10-4 m 肉眼可见 ‘‘Macroscopic’’ 图 显微组织结构: 10-4 ~10-8 m 显微镜观察 ‘‘Microscopic’’ 图 原子或分子排列结构:10-10 m Organization of atoms or molecules 原子中的电子结构: 10-13 m Subatomic structure 2-1-2 材料结构的涵义 (Meaning of Material Structure) 下一页
浇包金属液体一细晶区锭模-柱状晶区(b)(a)浇铸宏观组织结构返回
浇铸 宏观组织结构 返回
晶界显微组织返回
显微组织 晶界 返回