Ecology:Concepts and ApplicationsNatural histonEpipclagie zone200mDecreasingMesopclagiczoneEpielagiczone0~200mlightandtemperature1.000mMesopelagiczone200~1,000mBathypelagic zoneBathypelagiczone1,000~4,000mDecreasing light andtemperaturewithdepthproduces aseries ofvertical habitat zones4.000mOccanieAbyssalzone4,000-6.000mzonesAbyssalzoneHadalzone6.000mHadalBenthiczone? StructureFIGURE3.6Srructureofthe oceans
2003.10.22 11 Ecology:Concepts and Applications Natural history ➢ Structure Epielagic zone 0~200m Mesopelagic zone 200~1,000m Bathypelagic zone 1,000~4,000m Abyssal zone 4,000~6,000m Hadal zone Benthic
Ecology:Concepts and ApplicationsNatural histonLight:80%----0~10m,.....50~60m......600m......3,400mTemperature:"Warm water float oncold water""Thermal stratificationWater movement:Gyres>Physical conditions122003.10.22
2003.10.22 12 Ecology:Concepts and Applications Natural history ➢ Physical conditions • Light:80%-0~10m,. 50~60m. 600m . 3,400m. • Temperature:“Warm water float on cold water” Thermal stratification • Water movement: Gyres
Ecology:ConceptsandApplicationsNaturalhiston(b)(a）FIGURE 3.7Changes in light quality with depth: (a)the rich colors on a shallow coral reef:(b)theblueofthedeeperreef
2003.10.22 13 Ecology:Concepts and Applications Natural history
Ecology:Concepts and ApplicationsNaturalhistonSalinityOxygenChemical Conditions2003.10.2214
2003.10.22 14 Ecology:Concepts and Applications Natural history ➢ Chemical Conditions Salinity Oxygen
Ecologv:ConceptsandApplicationsNaturalhiston152003.10.FIGURE3.8 Chemosynthesis-based community on theEas Pacific Rise
2003.10.22 15 Ecology:Concepts and Applications Natural history