WASHINGTON STATE E PART MENT 0F ECOLOGY Criteria for Sewage Works design Water Quality Program Publication No. 98-37 WO State of Washington Department of Ecolog Olympia, Washington 98504
Criteria for Sewage Works Design Water Quality Program December 1998 Publication No. 98-37 WQ State of Washington Department of Ecology Olympia, Washington 98504
December 1998 Criteria ewage Works Design Contact Information Publication History To order printed copies of this manual, contact Originally published 1978(Pub. No. 78-5) Revised october 1985 Department of Ecology Publications distribution Reprinted 1992 P O. Box 47600 Revised December 1998 Olympia, WA98504-7600 Telephone(360)407-7472 (Refer to Publication No. 98-37 wQ) For specific information about this manual, or t check for the latest revisions download an electronic copy. request a copy on cd. or comment on its contents click on the Department of Ecology's Water Quality Program Criteria for Sewage Works Design(Orange Book)internetsite(www.wagov/ecologv/wg/orange) For special accommodation needs, or to receive this document in an alternative format. call (360)407-6400 (360)407-6006(TDD) Dedicated in Fond memory to James d. krull June 3. 1941 to October 15.1997 For Over Two Decades of Service and Friendship to the department of ecology Water Quality Program The Department of Ecology is an equal opportunity agency and does not discriminate on the basis of race, creed, color, disability, age, religion national origin, sex, marital status, disabled veteran ' s status, Vietnam era veteran's status, or sexual orientation
ii December 1998 Criteria for Sewage Works Design Contact Information To order printed copies of this manual, contact: Department of Ecology Publications Distribution P.O. Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 Telephone (360) 407-7472 (Refer to Publication No. 98-37 WQ) For specific information about this manual, or to • check for the latest revisions, • download an electronic copy, • request a copy on CD, or • comment on its contents, click on the Department of Ecology’s Water Quality Program Criteria for Sewage Works Design (Orange Book) internet site (www.wa.gov/ecology/wq/orange). For special accommodation needs, or to receive this document in an alternative format, call: (360) 407-6400 (360) 407-6006 (TDD) Publication History Originally published 1978 (Pub. No. 78-5) Revised October 1985 Reprinted 1992 Revised December 1998 Dedicated in Fond Memory to James D. Krull June 3, 1941 to October 15, 1997 For Over Two Decades of Service and Friendship to the Department of Ecology Water Quality Program The Department of Ecology is an equal opportunity agency and does not discriminate on the basis of race, creed, color, disability, age, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, disabled veteran’s status, Vietnam era veteran’s status, or sexual orientation
Contents Contact Information Treatment Publication History Chapter TI Contents and Other Liquid Hauled Wastes Purpose of Manual Chapter T2 Acknowledgements Primary Treatment How to Use This manual Chapter t3 Biological Treatment Abbreviations and Acronyms Chemical/Physical Treatment Chapter t General Disinfection General engineering Effluent Chapter el Chapter g2 Water Reclamation and Reuse General Considerations hapter G3 Effluent Disposal to Surface Special Considerations for Small Water Community Systems Chapter e3 Colection Effluent Disposal to Ground Wat Solids Chapter c2 Residual solids management Sewage Pump Stations Chapter C3 so Combined Sewer Overflow
December 1998 iii Contents Contact Information ............................................ii Publication History .............................................ii Contents............................................................. iii Purpose of Manual .............................................iv Acknowledgements............................................iv How to Use This Manual ................................ viii Figures................................................................ix Tables ..................................................................x Abbreviations and Acronyms.............................xi General Chapter G1 General Engineering Requirements Chapter G2 General Considerations Chapter G3 Special Considerations for Small Community Systems Collection SEWER Chapter C1 Sewers Chapter C2 Sewage Pump Stations CSO Chapter C3 Combined Sewer Overflows Treatment Chapter T1 Preliminary Treatment/ Septage and Other Liquid Hauled Wastes Chapter T2 Primary Treatment Chapter T3 Biological Treatment Chapter T4 Chemical/Physical Treatment Chapter T5 Disinfection Effluent Chapter E1 Water Reclamation and Reuse Chapter E2 Effluent Disposal to Surface Water Chapter E3 Effluent Disposal to Ground Water Solids Chapter S Residual Solids Management
December 1998 Criteria ewage Works Design Purpose of Manual Acknowledgements This manual. often referred to as the "Orange This manual was developed for the Washington Book, serves as a guide for the design of State Department of Ecology with the generous sewage collection, treatment, and reclamation assistance of many government agencies, sewer systems. The goals of the manual are and water districts, consulting engineering firms, and wastewater treatment professionals To ensure that the design of sewage collection and treatment systems is Editorial Coordination board members consistent with public health and water quality objectives of the State of Louthain, Jerry(Project Manager) Washington 2. To establish a basis for the design and Cole. Mark review of plans and specifications for Foulk. Jamie sewage treatment works and sewerage Lowe. Susan systems Meriwether Cam 3. To establish the minimum requirements and Olson, Karen limiting factors utilized by the Washington Perry, Don State Department of Ecology and the Washington State Department of Health for Vivolo, Tony review of sewage treatment works and sewerage system plans and specifications Chapter coordinators, leaders, and 4. To assist the owner or their authorized contributing authors engineer in the preparation of plans, specifications, reports, and other data Chapter gl, General Engineering Requirements in, Jerry( Coordinator) 5. To guide departments in their determination Parry, Dave(Leader) of whether an approval, permit, and/or a Anderson Darrel certificate for a sewage treatment works or a sewerage system should be issued Messman Stew Moore. Bill Raysby. Lisa Strehler. Jennifer Vaughn, Johi Nitz, Bill( Coordinator) Bolinger, Al B Roger Faccone. Jim Finger. Dick Houck. Doug Kerker, Gary Morrice. rob Serres. bill
iv December 1998 Criteria for Sewage Works Design Purpose of Manual This manual, often referred to as the “Orange Book,” serves as a guide for the design of sewage collection, treatment, and reclamation systems. The goals of the manual are: 1. To ensure that the design of sewage collection and treatment systems is consistent with public health and water quality objectives of the State of Washington. 2. To establish a basis for the design and review of plans and specifications for sewage treatment works and sewerage systems. 3. To establish the minimum requirements and limiting factors utilized by the Washington State Department of Ecology and the Washington State Department of Health for review of sewage treatment works and sewerage system plans and specifications. 4. To assist the owner or their authorized engineer in the preparation of plans, specifications, reports, and other data. 5. To guide departments in their determination of whether an approval, permit, and/or a certificate for a sewage treatment works or a sewerage system should be issued. Acknowledgements This manual was developed for the Washington State Department of Ecology with the generous assistance of many government agencies, sewer and water districts, consulting engineering firms, and wastewater treatment professionals. Editorial/Coordination Board members Louthain, Jerry (Project Manager) Berschauer, Doug Cole, Mark Foulk, Jamie Lowe, Susan Meriwether, Cam Nitz, Bill Olson, Karen Perry, Don Skillings, Tom Vivolo, Tony Chapter coordinators, leaders, and contributing authors Chapter G1, General Engineering Requirements Louthain, Jerry (Coordinator) Parry, Dave (Leader) Anderson, Darrel Cole, Mark Messman, Stew Moore, Bill Raysby, Lisa Strehler, Jennifer Vaughn, John Chapter G2, General Considerations Nitz, Bill (Coordinator) Bolinger, Al Bower, Bob Browne, Roger Faccone, Jim Finger, Dick Houck, Doug Kerker, Gary Morrice, Rob Serres, Bill
Chapter G3. Special Considerations for Small Chapter C3 Combined Sewer Overflows Community Systems Nitz, Bill(Coordinator) Meriwether, Cam(Co ordinator Fricke, Laura(Leader) Milton, Jim ( Leader) Labib, Foroozan ( Leader) Alexander. Ken Browne. roger Arts Chris Houck. doug Bergstrom, Eric Berschauer, Doug Jackson. Diana Johnstone. Charles Merrill. steve Nichols. Don Pecha, Dan Nunnallee. David Scott, Barry leger,Larry Threlkeld. Vern Riley, Dick Wharton, La Sherwood. Kim Skillings, tom Tom, Andy Chapter T1, Preliminary Treatment/Septage and Other Liquid Hauled Wast Chapter t2. Pi Chapter Cl、 Sewers Louthain, Jerry( Coordinator) Chapter C2, Sewage Pump Stations McCoskey, Jim (Leader) Vivolo, Tony(Coordinator) Wilson, John(Leader) Thetford, Tom Leader) Ziebart, Ken(Leader) Bickel. Scott Baird. Carl Brown, Lisa Browne. Roger Hufford. Dave Cardwell. Bruce Labib. Foroozan Carlsen, Jim Chambers Craig erchant. John Davison, Eric Brian Eliasson, John Gagnon, Richard Hammond. bob Chapter T3 Biological Treatment Holland. Jon Perry, Don(Coordinator) Bolinger, Al (Leader) Knott. graham Burke. Pat Koch. John Endersby, Jeff Nickel, Ray Guttormsen. Chris Ollivant, Mike Hartz. Ken Ordonez, robin Howard. Jeff Postma. loren Icna Rawls. Bruce Merrill. Steve Slifer. scott Stiltz. mark Samstag. Randal Sylvester, Bob Van Aa, Bud Vigilia, Rudy
December 1998 v Chapter G3, Special Considerations for Small Community Systems Meriwether, Cam (Coordinator) Milton, Jim (Leader) Alexander, Ken Arts, Chris Bergstrom, Eric Berschauer, Doug Johnstone, Charles Nichols, Don Nunnallee, David Riegert, Larry Riley, Dick Sherwood, Kim Skillings, Tom Tom, Andy Chapter C1, Sewers Chapter C2, Sewage Pump Stations Vivolo, Tony (Coordinator) Thetford, Tom (Leader) Bickel, Scott Brown, Lisa Browne, Roger Cardwell, Bruce Carlsen, Jim Chambers, Craig Davison, Eric Eliasson, John Gagnon, Richard Hammond, Bob Holland, Jon Houck, Doug Knott, Graham Koch, John Nickel, Ray Ollivant, Mike Ordonez, Robin Postma, Loren Rawls, Bruce Slifer, Scott Stiltz, Mark Sylvester, Bob VanDerAa, Bud Vigilia, Rudy Chapter C3, Combined Sewer Overflows Nitz, Bill (Coordinator) Fricke, Laura (Leader) Labib, Foroozan (Leader) Browne, Roger Houck, Doug Huber, Karen Jackson, Diana Merrill, Steve Pecha, Dan Scott, Barry Threlkeld, Vern Wharton, Laura Chapter T1, Preliminary Treatment/Septage and Other Liquid Hauled Wastes Chapter T2, Primary Treatment Louthain, Jerry (Coordinator) McCoskey, Jim (Leader) Wilson, John (Leader) Ziebart, Ken (Leader) Baird, Carl Fernandes, Joe Hufford, Dave Labib, Foroozan Long, Tom Merchant, John Topolski, Brian Chapter T3, Biological Treatment Perry, Don (Coordinator) Bolinger, Al (Leader) Burke, Pat Endersby, Jeff Guttormsen, Chris Hartz, Ken Howard, Jeff Koch, Richard Merrill, Steve Parry, Dave Samstag, Randal