Nutritional types of microorganisms Sources of energy, Major nutritional hydrogen/electrons,Representative type and carbon microorganisms Photoautotroph Light energy, inorganic Algae, Purple and green Photolithotroph) hydrogen/electron(H/e)bacteria, Cyanobacteria donor cO carbon source Photoheterotroph Light energy, inorganic Purple nonsulfur bacteria, He- donor (Photoorganotroph) Green sulfur bacteria Organic carbon source Chemoautotroph Chemical energy source Sulfur-oxdizing bacteria ( Chemolithotroph (inorganic), Inorganic H/e Hydrogen bacteria donor, CO2 carbon source Nitrifying bacteria Chemoheterotropl h Chemical energy source Most bacteria, fungi Chemoorganotrophy) (organic), Organic H/e protozoa donor, Organic carbon Source
Major nutritional type Sources of energy, hydrogen/electrons, and carbon Representative microorganisms Photoautotroph (Photolithotroph) Light energy, inorganic hydrogen/electron(H/e- ) donor, CO2 carbon source Algae, Purple and green bacteria, Cyanobacteria Photoheterotroph (Photoorganotroph) Light energy, inorganic H/e- donor, Organic carbon source Purple nonsulfur bacteria, Green sulfur bacteria Chemoautotroph (Chemolithotroph) Chemical energy source (inorganic), Inorganic H/edonor, CO2 carbon source Sulfur-oxdizing bacteria, Hydrogen bacteria, Nitrifying bacteria Chemoheterotroph (Chemoorganotroph) Chemical energy source (organic), Organic H/edonor, Organic carbon source Most bacteria, fungi, protozoa Nutritional types of microorganisms
Photoautotroph: Algae, Cvanobacteria CO2+H20 Light+ Chlorophyll(CH20)+O2 Purple and green bacteria CO2+2H2S Light bacteriochlorophyll,(CH20)+ H20+2S Photoheterotroph: Purple nonsulfur bacteria( rhodospirillum CO2+2CH3CHOHCH3 Light bacteriochlorophyll,(CH2O) + H20+ 2CH3 cocH3
Algae, Cyanobacteria CO2 + H2O Light + Chlorophyll （CH2O） +O2 Purple and green bacteria CO2 + 2H2S Light + bacteriochlorophyll（CH2O） + H2O + 2S Purple nonsulfur bacteria (Rhodospirillum) CO2 + 2CH3CHOHCH3 Light + bacteriochlorophyll（CH2O） + H2O + 2CH3COCH3 Photoautotroph: Photoheterotroph:
Properties of microbial photosynthetic systems Property cyanobacteria Green and Purple nonsulfur purple bacteria bacteria Photo-pigment Chlorophyll Bcteriochlorophyll Bcteriochlorophyll O production Y No Electron donors H2O H2 H2S. s H2 h2S. s Carbon source CO2 CO2 Organic/CO Primary products ATP+ NADPH ATP ATP of energy conversion
Property cyanobacteria Green and purple bacteria Purple nonsulfur bacteria Photo - pigment Chlorophyll Bcteriochlorophyll Bcteriochlorophyll O2 production Yes No No Electron donors H2O H2, H2S, S H2, H2S, S Carbon source CO2 CO2 Organic / CO2 Primary products of energy conversion ATP + NADPH ATP ATP Properties of microbial photosynthetic systems
Chemoautotroph: Bacteria Electron Electron Products donor acceptor Alcaligens and O H2O Pseudomonas sp Nitrobacter NO2 NO3. H2O Nitrosomonas NH4 O2 NO2.H20 Desulfovibrio 2 SO42 H2o. h2s Thiobacillus denitrificans So H2S NO3 SO42N2 Thiobacillus ferrooxidans O Fe3+ H2O Nitrifying bacteria 2NH4++3O2 2 NO2-+ 2 H20+ 4H++132 Kcal
Chemoautotroph: Nitrifying bacteria 2 NH4 + + 3 O2 2 NO2- + 2 H2O + 4 H+ + 132 Kcal Bacteria Electron donor Electron acceptor Products Alcaligens and Pseudomonas sp. H2 O2 H2O Nitrobacter NO2 - O2 NO3 - , H2O Nitrosomonas NH4 + O2 NO2 - , H2O Desulfovibrio H2 SO4 2- H2O. H2S Thiobacillus denitrificans S0 . H2S NO3 - SO4 2- , N2 Thiobacillus ferrooxidans Fe 2+ O2 Fe 3+ , H2O
Nutritional types of microorganisms PhototrophS: use light as energy source Chemotrophs: obtain energy from the OXidation of chemical compounds Lithotrophs: use reduced inorganic substances as their electron source Organotrophs: exteact electrons from organic compounds
Nutritional types of microorganisms • Phototrophs: use light as energy source. • Chemotrophs: obtain energy from the oxidation of chemical compounds. • Lithotrophs: use reduced inorganic substances as their electron source. • Organotrophs: exteact electrons from organic compounds