History (3)Schneider: first rank symptoms1.Thought hearing2. Third-person hallucinations3. Hallucinations in the form of a commentary4. Thought withdrawal or insertion5.Thought broadcasting /diffusion6. Forced feeling7. Forced impulsive8.Forced behavior9.Somatic passivityexperience10.Delusional perception11
11 History（3） Schneider：first rank symptoms 1.Thought hearing 2. Third-person hallucinations 3. Hallucinations in the form of a commentary 4. Thought withdrawal or insertion 5. Thought broadcasting /diffusion 6. Forced feeling 7. Forced impulsive 8. Forced behavior 9. Somatic passivity experience 10. Delusional perception
Part 2 EtiologyBiologicalfactors1.genetics2.Theneurodevelopmental hypothesis3.Changesin brainstructure4.BiochemicalabnormalitiesPersonalityfactors>Psycho-socialfactors12
12 Part 2 Etiology ➢Biological factors 1．genetics 2．The neurodevelopmental hypothesis 3．Changes in brain structure 4．Biochemical abnormalities ➢ Personality factors ➢ Psycho-social factors
Genetics (1)Studies Method:-Family studies-Twin studies-Adoption studies13
13 Genetics (1) Studies Method: –Family studies –Twin studies –Adoption studies
Genetics (2)Theresults offamilystudies- The risk of Schizophrenia.Schizoaffectivedisorder,and sLis schizotypalpersonalityincreased in first-degree relatives of patients withSchizophrenia.The risk of both Schizophrenia and mooddisorder is increased in first-degree relatives ofpatients with schizoaffective disorder.- The risk of bipolar illness is not increased inwithfirst-degreeofrelatives福patientsschizophrenia14
14 Genetics (2) The results of family studies – The risk of Schizophrenia. Schizoaffective disorder, and schizotypal personality is increased in first-degree relatives of patients with Schizophrenia. – The risk of both Schizophrenia and mood disorder is increased in first-degree relatives of patients with schizoaffective disorder. – The risk of bipolar illness is not increased in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia
Genetics (3)Theresultsof twin studies- concordance rates among MZ pairs is higher than thatamong control(35-60 times)-concordance rates areabout50%forMz and about 10%for DZ. It might be expected that some environmentalfactors relevant to etiologyThe risk of schizophrenia in the offspring of anunaffected twin is the same as that of an affected twin.15
15 Genetics (3) The results of twin studies – concordance rates among MZ pairs is higher than that among control(35-60 times) – concordance rates are about 50% for MZ and about 10% for DZ. It might be expected that some environmental factors relevant to etiology. – The risk of schizophrenia in the offspring of an unaffected twin is the same as that of an affected twin