Second base of codon U C A 6 U UUc i Phe/UCU\ UUU Uar Tyr/ UGU cys人U UAU UCC UGC C 基因的三联密码表 SER UUA UCA UAA Leu UGA UUG UCG/ UAG UGG Trp CUU CCU CAU CGU CUC Cca Leu CCA Pro/ LAc His CCC CGC>Arg CAG / GInCGA CAA 。 CUG/ CCG CGG/ AUL ACU AAU >Asn AGU)se er I AAUC Se Acc Thy AAC AGC AUA ACA AAA AGA 儿5A66A4 已 AuG Met ACG AAG GUU GCU GAU ASP GGU GUC GGUA Val GCC Ala GAC GGC Gly GCA GAA GGA GUG/ GCG CAG GGG The genetic code, written by convention in the form in which the Codons appear in mRNA. the three terminator codons. UAA. UAG. and uGa are boxed in red the auG initiator codon is shown in green
基因的三联密码表
The genetic code arranged according to the pattern degeneracy Amino acids with one codon AUG UGG Met Trp Amino acids with two codons AAA CACI GAA UAC UUC AAGAAUICAGCAUIGAG UAU UGU UUU Asn GIn His Glu As Cus Phe Amino acid with three codons 联密码子按简并性排列 UA AUC lle Amino acids with four codons ACACCA[GCA[GA「GUA ACC CCCGCCGGC ACG CCG GCGGGGGUG ACUCCUGCUGGU Pro Ala Gly V Aminio acid with four codons CGA[UA「UCA GC CUC UCC CGGCUG UCG CGU UCU AGA JUUAAGC AGG UUG」[AGU Arg Leu Ser
三联密码子按简并性排列
OO Oo O O0Oo0o O oooooooo Ooooo OOOOoooo tRNA Phe(yeast) tRNAMet 的识 Z>中参与 别氮 Oo O OO OOoo Oo OOoooooo 因獸 ooo● 子另 tRNA Ser tRNA Fig. Identity elements in elements in tRNA involved in recognition by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) Major identity elements in four tRNAs are indicated by colored circles denoting nucleotides that have been 合成酶 shown to be involved in interacting with the cognate ARS. Each nucleotide in the cloverleaf diagram of a tRNA molecule is represented by a circle. In each case additional identity elements may yet be discovered
tRNA 中参与氨酰tRNA 合成酶 的识别因子
H C-C-N2H Amino Acid Acceptor arm D loop T yCG loop 如Gc⑥ a⑥⑥cc呗喝 DaA⑥CGC Anticodon loop o Gc CCo-5 ORNA Fig. The primary struture of yeast alanine tRNA (tRNA") 酵母丙氨酸Z>的一级 the first such sequence determined. this molecule is sythesized from the nucleotides A, c, G, and u, but some of the nucleotides, shown in red, are modified after systhesis D=dihydrouridine, I= inosine, T= thymine, y= pseudouridine, and m= methyl group. The primary structure can be diagrammed as a cloverleaf consisting of four base-paired stems and three loops: the D loop(for dihydrouridine, a virtually constant constituent of this loop); the anticodon 1oop; and the tyCO loop (for thymidylate, pseudouridylate, cytidylate, and guanylate, which are alost always present in sequene in this loop) as discussed later, attachment of an aino acid to the acceptor arm yields an aminoacyl-tRNA
酵母丙氨酸tRNA 的一级结构
Aminoacyl-tRNA AA +ATP AA-AMP PP synthetase Aminoacyl-tRNA AA-AMP tRNA-AA-tRNA +AMP synthetase tRNA的氨酰化反应
tRNA的氨酰化反应