by fashion designers Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide 1. Designers and big stores always earn money. A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing indus try B)because they are capable of predicting new fashions C) by continuously changing the fashions in women's clothing D) because they attach great importance to quality in womens clothing 2. To the writer. the fact that the women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as A)a waste of money B)a waste of time C)an expression of taste D)an expression of creativity 3. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers paid more attention to A) cost of clothing B)appearance of clothing C)comfort of clothing D) suitability of clothing 4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A) New fashions in clothing are created for commercial exploitation of women B)The constant changes in women' s clothing reflect their strength of character C)The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society D)Fashion designers should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women 5. By saying the conclusions to be drawn are obvious", the writer means that A) women's clothes are insatiable and inconstant B)men dont change their fashions C) men are cleverer than women D)men are more stable and reliable that women Passage Fifteen The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged
by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. 1. Designers and big stores always earn money__________________. A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry B) because they are capable of predicting new fashions C) by continuously changing the fashions in women’s clothing D) because they attach great importance to quality in women’s clothing 2. To the writer, the fact that the women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as ________. A) a waste of money B) a waste of time C) an expression of taste D) an expression of creativity 3. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers paid more attention to the_________. A) cost of clothing B) appearance of clothing C) comfort of clothing D) suitability of clothing 4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A) New fashions in clothing are created for commercial exploitation of women. B) The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of character. C) The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society. D) Fashion designers should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women. 5. By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”, the writer means that ___________. A) women’s clothes are insatiable and inconstant B) men don’t change their fashions C) men are cleverer than women D) men are more stable and reliable that women Passage Fifteen The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged
food first appeared with the label: store in the refrigerator. In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and the rest of the bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. nothing was wasted and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have stopped, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country The invention of the fridge contributed little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring bottling… What refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity. marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price Therefore, most of the world's fridges are to be found, not in the hot areas where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside, an artificially-heated house outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge The fridge s effec upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you dont believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers but at least you'll get rid of that terrible hum. 1. "Fridge"is the shortened from for A) fried bridge B)enfridger C)food shortage D)refrigerator 2. The statement "In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily suggests A) the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties B )the author was not accustomed to using fridges even is his fifties C)there was no fridge in the authors home in the 1950s D)the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s 3. Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?
food first appeared with the label: “store in the refrigerator.” In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and the rest of the bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have stopped, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country. The invention of the fridge contributed little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling…… What refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price. Therefore, most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in the hot areas where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside, an artificially-heated house outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge. The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers but at least you’ll get rid of that terrible hum. 1. “Fridge” is the shortened from for __________________. A) fried bridge B) enfridger C) food shortage D) refrigerator 2. The statement “In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily” suggests__________________. A) the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties B) the author was not accustomed to using fridges even is his fifties C) there was no fridge in the author’s home in the 1950s D) the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s 3. Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?
A)People would not buy more food than was necessary B)Food was delivered to people two or three times a week C)Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily D) People had effective ways to preserve their food 4. Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author? A)Inventors B)Fridge users C)Producers Travelling 5. What is the author's overall attitude toward fridges? A) Middle B) Critical C)Objective D)Praiseful Passage Sixteen One hundred and thirteen million americans have at le ast one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in different places, whether of not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the cashless society" is not in the sky--it's already here While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advant ages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply record sales. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decision to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to give up Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to
A) People would not buy more food than was necessary. B) Food was delivered to people two or three times a week. C) Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily. D) People had effective ways to preserve their food. 4. Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author? A) Inventors. B) Fridge users. C) Producers. D) Travelling salesmen. 5. What is the author’s overall attitude toward fridges? A) Middle. B) Critical. C) Objective. D) Praiseful. Passage Sixteen One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in different places, whether of not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not in the sky--it’s already here. While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply record sales. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decision to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to give up. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to
consumers through the use of computers According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to A)cash money where he wishes to B)obtain more convenient services than other people to C)enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper D)withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes 2. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that A) in the future all the Americans will use cash B)credit cards are rarely used in the U.S. today C)nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash D)it is now more convenient to use credit cards and cash than before 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A) Electronic cash registers can keep various records B)Electronic cash registers can simply record sales C)Electronic cash registers make decisions D)Electronic cash registers can analyze markets and make decisions themselves 4. The word enterprise in the last paragraph most probably means A) market B)product C) businessmen D)business 5. What is this passage mainly about? A) Approaches to the commercial use of computers B) Conveniences brought about by computers in business C)Significance of automation in commercial enterprises D) Advantages of credit cards in business Passage seventeen Anew era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a basic change in the way we work. Already we're partly the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan
consumers through the use of computers. 1. According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to __________________. A) cash money where he wishes to B) obtain more convenient services than other people to C) enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper D) withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes 2. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that__________________. A) in the future all the Americans will use cash B) credit cards are rarely used in the U.S. today C) nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash D) it is now more convenient to use credit cards and cash than before 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A) Electronic cash registers can keep various records. B) Electronic cash registers can simply record sales. C) Electronic cash registers make decisions. D) Electronic cash registers can analyze markets and make decisions themselves. 4. The word “enterprise” in the last paragraph most probably means__________________. A) market B) product C) businessmen D) business 5. What is this passage mainly about? A) Approaches to the commercial use of computers. B) Conveniences brought about by computers in business. C) Significance of automation in commercial enterprises. D) Advantages of credit cards in business. Passage seventeen A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a basic change in the way we work. Already we’re partly the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan
(two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise more women are in the work force than ever before there are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation cannot be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Traditional ide as about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between employees and employers-all these are being challenged We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have predicted the ways in which a single invention the chip, would change our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, in digital communications and in factory robots. Tomorrows achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more important and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth, computer knowledge well become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing daily tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years information services will be essential It will be the our 1. A characteristic of the information age is that A)the service industry is relying more and more on the female work force B)manufacturing industries are steadily increasing C)people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factories D)most of the job opportunities can now be found in the service industry 2. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society that A) the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant B)people' s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true C) most people have to take part-time jobs D) people have to change their jobs from time to time
(two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation cannot be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Traditional ideas about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between employees and employers—all these are being challenged. We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have predicted the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would change our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, in digital communications and in factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more important and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth, computer knowledge well become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing daily tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be essential. It will be the way you do your job. 1. A characteristic of the information age is that_______________. A) the service industry is relying more and more on the female work force B) manufacturing industries are steadily increasing C) people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factories D) most of the job opportunities can now be found in the service industry 2. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that_____________. A) the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant B) people’s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true C) most people have to take part-time jobs D) people have to change their jobs from time to time