Complete-Mix Reactor Fluid particles leave the reactor in proportion to their statistical population. Complete mixing can be accomplished in round or square reactors if the contents of the reactor are uniformly and continuously redistributed. The actual time required to achieve completely mixed conditions will depend on the reactor geometry and the power Input
Complete-Mix Reactor Fluid particles leave the reactor in proportion to their statistical population. Complete mixing can be accomplished in round or square reactors if the contents of the reactor are uniformly and continuously redistributed. The actual time required to achieve completely mixed conditions will depend on the reactor geometry and the power input
Plug-Flow Reactor Fluid particles pass through the reactor with little in the same sequence in which they entered Reactor or no longitudinal mixing and exit from the The particles retain their identity and remain in the reactor for a time equal to the theoretical detention time
Plug-Flow Reactor Fluid particles pass through the reactor with little or no longitudinal mixing and exit from the reactor in the same sequence in which they entered. The particles retain their identity and remain in the reactor for a time equal to the theoretical detention time
Complete-Mix Reactors in Series The series of complete-mix reactors is used to model the flow regime that exists between the ideal hydraulic flow patterns corresponding to the complete-mix and plug-flow reactors. If the series s composed of one reactor, the complete-mix regime prevails If the series consists of an infinite number of reactors in series, the plug- flow regime prevails
Complete-Mix Reactors in Series The series of complete-mix reactors is used to model the flow regime that exists between the ideal hydraulic flow patterns corresponding to the complete-mix and plug-flow reactors. If the series is composed of one reactor, the complete-mix regime prevails. If the series consists of an infinite number of reactors in series, the plug-flow regime prevails
Packed-Bed reactors Dosing can be continuous or intermittent(e.g, trickling filter). The packing material in packed-bed reactors can be continuous or arranged in multiple stages, with flow from one stage to another Fluidized-Bed reactor The fluidized-bed reactor is similar to the packed-bed reactor in many respects, but the packing material is expanded by the upward movement of fluid(air or water) through the bed. The expanded porosity of the fluidized bed packing material can be varied by controlling the flowrate of the fluid
Packed-Bed Reactors Dosing can be continuous or intermittent (e.g., trickling filter). The packing material in packed-bed reactors can be continuous or arranged in multiple stages, with flow from one stage to another. Fluidized-Bed Reactor The fluidized-bed reactor is similar to the packed-bed reactor in many respects, but the packing material is expanded by the upward movement of fluid (air or water) through the bed. The expanded porosity of the fluidizedbed packing material can be varied by controlling the flowrate of the fluid
Application of reactors Tab. 4-1 Principal applications of reactor types used for wastewater treatment Operational factors that must be considered in the selection of the type of reactor or reactors to be used in the treatment process include I) the nature of the wastewater to be treated (2 )the nature of the reaction (i.e, homogeneous or heterogeneous ()the reaction kinetics governing the treatment proces (4)the process performance requirements, (5)local environmental conditions. In practice, the construction costs and operation and maintenance costs also affect reactor selection
Application of Reactors Tab. 4-1 Principal applications of reactor types used for wastewater treatment Operational factors that must be considered in the selection of the type of reactor or reactors to be used in the treatment process include (1) the nature of the wastewater to be treated, (2)the nature of the reaction (i.e., homogeneous or heterogeneous), (3) the reaction kinetics governing the treatment process, (4) the process performance requirements, (5)local environmental conditions. In practice, the construction costs and operation and maintenance costs also affect reactor selection