上海交通大学：《供应链管理 Supply Chain Management》课程教学资料_LectureNote（UnderG）_02-Inventory Management（1）（2013Fall with script）

Goals of SCM Reduce Cost,Improve Service a By effectively managing inventory Xerox eliminated $700 million inventory from its supply chain Wal-Mart became the largest retail company utilizing efficient inventory management GM has reduced parts inventory and transportation costs by 26%annually

Goals of SCM Reduce Cost, Improve Service „ By effectively managing inventory „ Xerox eliminated $700 million inventory from its supply chain „ Wal-Mart became the largest retail company utilizing efficient inventory management „ GM has reduced parts inventory and transportation costs by 26% annually

Positive and Negative Effects of Inventory Positive ·Buffer effect(缓冲作用) Economics of scale in transportation and purchasing Continuous production Customer service level Inventory

Positive and Negative Effects of Inventory „ Positive „ Buffer effect （缓冲作用） „ Economics of scale „ in transportation and purchasing „ Continuous production „ Customer service level

Positive and Negative Effects of Inventory ■Positive ·Buffer effect(缓冲作用) Continuous production Economics of scale in transportation and purc Customer service level ■Negative Inventory Holding costs Hampering cash flow Concealing poor management

Positive and Negative Effects of Inventory „ Positive „ Buffer effect （缓冲作用） „ Continuous production „ Economics of scale „ in transportation and purchasing „ Customer service level „ Negative „ Holding costs „ Hampering cash flow „ Concealing poor management

Understanding Inventory The inventory policy is affected by: Demand Characteristics Lead Time ■Number of Products Length of planning horizon Objectives Service level.Minimize costs Cost Structure Order cost,Holding cost

Understanding Inventory „ The inventory policy is affected by: „ Demand Characteristics „ Lead Time „ Number of Products „ Length of planning horizon „ Objectives „ Service level, Minimize costs „ Cost Structure „ Order cost, Holding cost

Cost Structure Order cost The cost of product Transportation cost ■Holding Cost nsurance Maintenance and Handling Taxes Opportunity Costs ·Obsolescence(折I旧) obsolescence:折旧

Cost Structure „ Order cost „ The cost of product „ Transportation cost „ Holding Cost „ Insurance „ Maintenance and Handling „ Taxes „ Opportunity Costs „ Obsolescence（折旧） obsolescence: 折旧