Nitrogen in atmosphere(N2) Plants Assimilation Denitrifying bacteria Nitrogen-fixing Nitrates bacteria in root (No3) nodules of Decomposers(aerobic legumes and anaerobic bacteria and fungi) Nitrifying Ammonification bacteria Nitrification Ammonium(NH : e3). Nitrites( No2) Nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria Nitrifying bacteria Microbes in nitrogen cycle
Microbes in nitrogen cycle
C02 Air and water Cellular respiration Photosynthesis Cellular Chiefly plants, respiration algae] burning decay Decay by fung nd bacteria an Caco limestone), coal and oil Organic compounds Consumed by Organic compounds of autotrophs heterotrophs of heterotrophs [chie fly animals] Microbes in carbon cycle
Microbes in carbon cycle
et all baete验 cause disease Few bacteria are always pathogenic Many bactera are potentially pathogenic Most bacteria are never pathogenic 00
Organizational structure Background knowledge: Cell is the fundamental unit of all living things to carry out metabolic processes that transform energy and materials for growth and propagation(multiplication) There are two fundamental types of cells: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes with the major difference in whether or not the cell have membrane bound organelles and nucleus
Background knowledge: •Cell is the fundamental unit of all living things to carry out metabolic processes that transform energy and materials for growth and propagation (multiplication). Organizational structure •There are two fundamental types of cells: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes with the major difference in whether or not the cell have membrane bound organelles and nucleus
Differences between prokaryotes/eukaryotes The prokaryotic cell, in contrast to the eukaryotic cell, has no nuclear membranes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body, phagosomes and lysosomes Prokaryotes generally possess only a single circular chromosome Since there is no nuclear membrane the chromosome is bound to a specific site on the cell membrane- the mesosome Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S(S means Svedberg unit, a measure of size for centrifugation), whereas eukaryotic ribosomes are larger (80S) Prokaryotic ribosomal subunits are 30S and 50s (eukaryotic are larger). The 30S ribosome has 16S RNA, while the 50S ribosome contains 23S and 5S rna
• The prokaryotic cell, in contrast to the eukaryotic cell, has no nuclear membranes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, phagosomes and lysosomes. Differences between prokaryotes/eukaryotes • Prokaryotes generally possess only a single circular chromosome. Since there is no nuclear membrane, the chromosome is bound to a specific site on the cell membrane - the mesosome. • Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S (S means Svedberg unit, a measure of size for centrifugation), whereas eukaryotic ribosomes are larger (80S). •Prokaryotic ribosomal subunits are 30S and 50S (eukaryotic are larger). The 30S ribosome has 16S RNA, while the 50S ribosome contains 23S and 5S RNA