4.1 Definitions 。 Concentration A liquid-liquid separation in which the machine is used for separating two intermixed liquids, which are insoluble in each other and have different specific gravities, the heavier liquid constituting the major part of the mixture Solids with specific gravities higher than those of the liquids can be separated off at the same time
4.1 Definitions • Concentration – A liquid − liquid separation in which the machine is used for separating two intermixed liquids, which are insoluble in each other and have different specific gravities, the heavier liquid constituting the major part of the mixture. – Solids with specific gravities higher than those of the liquids can be separated off at the same time
4.1 Definitions Solids eiection Emptying of the bowl during operation by uncovering and closing slots in the bowl wall Total eiection Total emptying of the bowl with the feed (as a rule) turned off
4.1 Definitions • Solids ejection – Emptying of the bowl during operation by uncovering and closing slots in the bowl wall. • Total ejection – Total emptying of the bowl with the feed (as a rule) turned off
4.1 Definitions Partial ejection Total or partial emptying of the solids space in the bowl but without emptying the rest of the bowl The feed need not be interrupted Combined programme A combination of total and partial ejections in succession
4.1 Definitions • Partial ejection – Total or partial emptying of the solids space in the bowl but without emptying the rest of the bowl. – The feed need not be interrupted. • Combined programme – A combination of total and partial ejections in succession
4.1 Factors influencing the separation Difference in specific gravity The centrifugal force acts on all particles proportionally to their specific gravity This applies to solid Particles as well as to fluid particles The greater the difference in specific gravity, the easier the separation
4.1Factors influencing the separation • Difference in specific gravity – The centrifugal force acts on all particles proportionally to their specific gravity. – This applies to solid Particles as well as to fluid particles. – The greater the difference in specific gravity, the easier the separation
4.1 Factors influencing the separation Size and shape of particles The larger the particle, the quicker the sedimentation The particles to be separated off must not be so small that the mixture is close to colloidal state The smooth and round particle is easier separated off than the irregular one Rough treatment, e.g. in pumps, can split the particles with reduced size and separating speed as a result
4.1 Factors influencing the separation • Size and shape of particles – The larger the particle, the quicker the sedimentation. – The particles to be separated off must not be so small that the mixture is close to colloidal state. – The smooth and round particle is easier separated off than the irregular one. – Rough treatment, e. g. in pumps, can split the particles, with reduced size and separating speed as a result