TransportationTypesofelectricvehiclesHEVHybrid electric vehicle, electric motor and internal combustion engine.Cannot chargebatteryexternally.ToyotaPriusPHEVHybrid electric vehicle,electric motor and internal combustion engine.CanchargebatteryexternallyChevroletVolt,BYDQinEVElectricmotoronlywithexternal charging of thebatteryNissanLeaf
HEV Hybrid electric vehicle, electric motor and internal combusGon engine. Cannot charge ba"ery externally. Toyota Prius PHEV Hybrid electric vehicle, electric motor and internal combusGon engine. Can charge ba"ery externally. Chevrolet Volt, BYD Qin EV Electric motor only with external charging of the ba"ery. Nissan Leaf TransportaGon Types of electric vehicles
EV:electricvehiclesTransportationHEV:hybridelectricvehiclesp-HEV:plug-in hybrid electric vehiclesMICROMILDFULLSTANDARDCAREVHEVHEVHYBRIDSHE88.5%1%10%0.5%2010Advanced Lead acidNiMHL-ion batteries(+EDLC)StandardBatteriesLead acid2015FULLSTANDARDCARMICROHYBRIDEHEV.HE202054%40%?4%Christophe PILLOTAVICENNEENERGY
TransportaGon Christophe PILLOT AVICENNE ENERGY EV: electric vehicles HEV: hybrid electric vehicles p-HEV: plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
Batteries in Transportation-Key questions:What will bethe increasein demand for electricityandhow will itbesupplied?To meet UK(EU) target of all EV by 2040, ranges from 6% to 40%increase in electricity demand (depends on assumptions aboutcars being driven)Arethereenough readily availableresources?LithiumforLi-ionbatteriesWhoownstheresources?
What will be the increase in demand for electricity and how will it be supplied? To meet UK(EU) target of all EV by 2040, ranges from 6% to 40% increase in electricity demand (depends on assumpGons about cars being driven) Are there enough readily available resources? Lithium for Li-ion ba"eries Who owns the resources? Ba"eries in TransportaGon - Key quesGons:
MarketHEVpoweredbyLithium ionbatteryEVsold,inmillionunits,worldwide2010-2020forecastsfrom2008to20111,26IT (March1sIT2007Worldwide20122011)panca.85,000,000carssoldDeutscheSTAgeieodAEHIBank0,80,6×RolandBerger IIT 20080,4JIT (March2010)AIT20090,21X-IT2010AVICENNEAABAVICENNE2007-2011REALITY0O+2008200920102011201020152020Source: International Battery Conference,Fort Louderdale 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 & 2011
Market Worldwide 2012 ca. 85,000,000 cars sold
MarketvalueforrechargeablebatteriesSuper-capacitorSuper-capacitorSuper-capacitorUS$800millionUSs400millionUS$800millionAccounts for 66.3 96,Accounts for 44.496,LithiumsecondaryNickel-basedAccounts for 34.396,(Smallsize)Othermedium-US$6.7billonLithiumsecendaryOthermedium-US$22billionsized/large(Small size)sized/largeLithiumsacondaryUS$13.1billionUS$13.1billionLithium secondaryUSS16.6billior(Electriccar)(Small shze)Us$30.2billionLithiumsecondary201020152020Nickel-basedUs$9.4bllion(ElectricCar)Uss35.9billionUss83.8billionUSs117.5billionNickel-basedUS$9.7billionUs$17bilionUs$9.7billionLithium secondary(Electritcar)Lead batteryLithium secondary6ss218billionLead batteryLeadbatteryUS$16billion(Forstorage ofenergy)Uss23billionUS$16.5bilionUS$25.7milfonLithium secondaryLithium secondary(Forstorageofenergy)(Forstorage ofenergy)US$48.millionUS$3.7billionSource:NomuraResearchinstitute
Market value for rechargeable ba"eries