MIT ICAT Heading Magnetic Compass u Variation(Magnetic Deviation Q Deviation(Magnetic materials) ◆DC9 Example Q Compass Card(Calibrated with Radios and Equip on) Flux Gate Compass O Electronic Magnetic Compass Normally in Tail for deviation Gyro compass 口 Precession a Slaved Flux Gate · Turn Coordinator 日( Rate Gyro)
MIT ICAT Heading y Magnetic Compass Variation (Magnetic Deviation Deviation (Magnetic materials) DC9 Example Compass Card (Calibrated with Radios and Equip on) y Flux Gate Compass Electronic Magnetic Compass Normally in Tail for deviation y Gyro Compass Precession Slaved Flux Gate y Turn Coordinator (Rate Gyro)
MIT ICAT Inertial Reference Unit Integrate acceleration from known position and velocity 口 Velocity 口 Position Need Heading 口 Gyros Mechanical Laser Can get Attitude a Artificial Horizon(PFD. HUD) Drift errors D IRU unusable in vertical direction (need baro alt) 日 flight Correction DME GPS Star Sighting for Space Vehicles Measurement Give Attitude also Z77 Analytical Redundancy
MIT ICAT Inertial Reference Unit y Integrate acceleration from known position and velocity Velocity Position y Need Heading Gyros Mechanical Laser y Can get Attitude Artificial Horizon (PFD. HUD) y Drift Errors IRU unusable in vertical direction (need baro alt) Inflight Correction DME GPS Star Sighting for Space Vehicles y Measurement Give Attitude Also y 777 Analytical Redundancy
MIT ICAT Communications Requirements a Communicate necessary information between formation elements and command node (lan and Air-Ground 口 Bandwidth 口Low- Observable? a Synchronous vs asynchronous Constraints 日 spectrum □ Antenna location echnologies 口 Radio ◆UHF,VHF,MMW a Optical ◆ Laser 口 Protocols
MIT ICAT Communications y Requirements Communicate necessary information between formation elements and command node (LAN and Air-Ground) Bandwidth Low-Observable? Synchronous vs asynchronous y Constraints Spectrum Antenna Location y Technologies Radio UHF, VHF, MMW Optical Laser Protocols
MIT ICAT COMMUNICATION Voice 日VHF( line of sight 118.0-1350Mhz a..025 spacing in US, 0.083 spacing in Europe) UHF ◆230-400Mhz( guess) HF(over the horizon) Optical (secure Datalink Q ACARS (VHF)-VDL Mode 2 Q VDL Modes 3 and 4(split voice and data) Q HF Datalink(China and Selcal Geosynchronous(Inmarsatt ◆ Antenna Requirements LEO and MEo Networks Software radios Antenna Requirements
MIT ICAT COMMUNICATION y Voice VHF (line of sight) 118.0-135.0 Mhz .025 spacing in US, 0.083 spacing in Europe) UHF 230-400 Mhz (guess) HF (over the horizon) Optical (secure) y Datalink ACARS (VHF) - VDL Mode 2 VDL Modes 3 and 4 (split voice and data) HF Datalink (China and Selcal) y Geosynchronous (Inmarsatt) Antenna Requirements y LEO and MEO Networks y Software Radios y Antenna Requirements
MIT ICAT Bandwidth Growth trend 1 Tbps 100 Gbps Potential RF Limit due 10 Gbps AFRL 1 Gbps BMDo◇ 100 Mbps g 10 Mbps 1 Mbl LINK 16 Source: DOD UAV 100 Kpbs Roadmap, 2000 o Kpbs ●LNK4 RF Data Link 1 Kpbs LINKs Optical Data Link 1950 1955 1960 1970 1990 2000 2010
MIT ICAT Bandwidth Growth Trend Source: DOD UAV Roadmap, 2000