Study on Fertility Characteristic and development on New System of Male sterile lines of Nian Type in Wheat M.A. Postgraduate: Na Niu Tutor: Prof, Gaisheng Zhang Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100) Abstract The Cms is one of the main ways to make use of wheat heterosis In order to probe into utilize characteristics as fertility gene single of it, and to establish a undivided convertible breeding system of it, the principle materials, such as sterile gene carriers different resources, a series of non-IBL/RS male sterile lines of different cytoplasms and identical nucleus carriers and compare fertility characteristic of male sterile lines of Nian type in wheat; 2. to study inheritance on restoring performance of it; 3. to analyze the genetic mechanism of male breeding system of it. The results are as follows. 1. By screening the non-1BL /IRS male sterile cariers of Nian type from different T macha, 90-110, 224 are led into the allocytoplasms with Ae. kotschyi, Ae. variabilis, de ventricosa and Ae. bicornis cytoplasms. The results of mensuration to their fertility restoring performances show as follows: The restoring perfomances of sterile carriers with Tmacha sterile carriers respectively is lower. The range of restoring degree is wider. The C.V. special father or sterile cytoplasms. The restoring performances of Alloplasms 90-110 and and T macha, the difference of average seed set is best significant. So 90-110 and 224 are the lines. They have the vast prospects for making use of! 2. The fertility restoring performance of the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-1BLIRS wheat with Aegilops kotschy, Ae waribili, Ae ventricosa and Ae bicornis
Study on Fertility Characteristic and Development on New System of Male Sterile Lines of Nian竹pe in Wheat MA. Postgraduate: Na Niu Tutor: Prof. Gaisheng Zhang (Northwest Sci.&Tech. University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangting, Shaanxi, 712100) Abstract TheCMS is one of the main ways to make use of wheat heterosis . In order to probe into and open out the fertility characteristics of male sterile lines of Nian type in wheat deeply, to utilize characteristics as fertility gene single of it, and to establish a undivided convertible breeding system of it, the principle materials, such as sterile gene carriers diferent resources, a series of non-IBLYIRS male sterile lines of diferent cytoplasms and identical nucleus, identical cytoplasms and diversified nucleus and diferent cytoplasms and nucleus, are utilized, and four contents are studied in this research: 1. to screen the diferent fertility gene carriers and compare fertility characteristic of male sterile lines of Nian type in wheat; 2. to study inheritance on restoring performance of it; 3. to analyze the genetic mechanism of male and female gametes transferring in sterile lines and Ft; 4. to establish the fast convertible breeding system of it. The results are as follows. 1. By screening the non-IBL/I RS male sterile carriers of Nian type from diferent resources in wheat and combining with cytology identification, we can find that SP4, Tmacha, 90-110, 224 are belong to the types of non- I BL/IRS male sterility. They manifest complete male sterility, and the sterility are very stable. After non- IBL/IRS male sterile carriers SP4, Tmacha, 90-110, 224， led into the allocytoplasms with Ae.kotschyi, Ae.variabilis, Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicornis cytoplasms. The results of mensuration to their fertility restoring performances show as follows: The restoring performances of sterile carriers with Ae.kotschyi and Ae. ventricosa are quite diferent. The restoring degree of Alloplasms SP4 and T.macha sterile carriers respectively is lower. The range of restoring degree is wider. The C. V is higher, and F, plants of these two sterile types appear sterility separation in genotype of special father or sterile cytoplasms. The restoring performances of Alloplasms 90-110 and 224 are fine. They don 't appear sterility separation. The C.V is lower. Compared with SP4 and T macha，the diference of average seed set is best significant. So 90-110 and 224 are the fine resources of maintaining lines. They have the vast prospects for making use of heterosis in wheat. 2. The fertility restoring performance of the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-IBLIIRS wheat with Aegilops koisc句4 Ae.varibifs, Ae, ventricosa and Ae. bicornis
cytoplasms are systematically investigated in this paper. The results are as follows: The 4 alloplasmic non-1BL/IRS wheat, as female parents, are testcrossed with an identical male average seed set of F and the C.V. of the seed set among the single plant. As for the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non- IBL/IRS wheat, their average seed set of Fi is intluenced by its alloplasmic cytoplasm to some extent. But there is not Significance of difference among different sterile cytoplasms, Though the fertility carrier of the 4 male sterile lines of loplasmic non-1BL/IRS wheat is the same each other, the location of fertility loci in the identical, may be different tespectively. The some minor enhance gene and inhibiting gene of the restorer lines of 4 alloplasmic non- 1BL/IRS wheat. The forms constituted and combined of gene from different parent lines is important judgement index of the fertility restoring degree of NIAN type 3. The manner of gametes transmission of non- IBL/IRS male sterile lines with fertile. There is not fertility separation. And Ttest on hybridization F, F2 indicates that the percent of average seed set is higher in F2 than Fi. These results prove once again that the hybridization Fi of non-1BL/IRS male sterile lines with Ae kotschyi, de variabilis and Abbondanza 1B nullisomic, Chinese Spring nullitetrasomic 1B'lD", Chinese Spring. When the chromosome 1B on Chinese Spring disomic exists, the four male sterile lines can be Key words: wheat male sterile line, restoring performance, gamete transmssion, chromosome engineening
cytoplasms are systematically investigated in this paper. The results are as follows: The 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-1BL/IRS wheat tested are all belonged to the sterile type of both good restoration and fine maintenance performance. When the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-1BUIRS wheat, as female parents, are testcrossed with an identical male parent or many diferent male parents, there is si娜ficant negative correlation between the average seed set of F, and the C.V. of the seed set among the single plant. As for the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non- 1BL/1 RS wheat, their average seed set of Fi is influenced by its alloplasmic cytoplasm to some extent. But there is not Significance of diference among different sterile cytoplasms. Though the fertility carrier of the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-1BL/IRS wheat is the same each other, the location of fertility loci in the same linkage group, besides the male sterile type with Ae.kotschyi, Ae.varibilis cytoplasms is identical, may be diferent respectively.The some minor enhance gene and inhibiting gene of fertility, besides major fertility gene, are in the diferent karyotype of the male sterile lines and the restorer lines of 4 alloplasmic non-1BUIRS wheat. The forms constituted and combined of gene from diferent parent lines is important judgement index of the fertility restoring degree of NIAN type 3. The manner of gametes transmission of non-IBUIRS male sterile lines with Ae.kotschyi Ae.variabilis, Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicornis cytoplasms in wheat and Fi is analyzed in this paper. Obviously, non-IBUIRS male sterile lines of Nian type have a characteristic of gametophyte sterility. In F2 groups, Most of combinations supplied appear fertile. There is not fertility separation. And Ttest on hybridization Fi, F2 indicates that the percent of average seed set is higher in F2 than Fl. These results prove once again that the hybridization Fi of non-IBL/IRS male sterile lines with Ae.kotschyi, Ae.variabilis and Ae.bicornis cytoplasms inherits in mode of gametophyte sterility. 4. The four non-IBUIRS male sterile lines of Nian type as mother parents cross with Abbondanza 1B nullisomic, Chinese Spring nullitetrasomic IB0ID" , Chinese Spring. When the chromosome I B on Chinese Spring disomic exists, the four male sterile lines can be restored. When the chromosome 1B on Abbondananza IB nullisomic and Chinese Spring nullitetrasomic IB0ID" are deficient, they can not be restored. That shows thei sterile gene single, and sterile gene lies on the chromosome 1B. this paves the way for establishing a set of method system that fast creats Nian type non-1BL/IRS male sterile line in wheat . And this supplies a new method for use strong predominant combination in many ways. Key words: wheat, male sterile line, restoring performance, gamete transmission, chromosome engineering