WASTEWATER AS A RESOURCE WHAT ARE THE OPTIONS Hallvard odegaard NINU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology Prof Hallvard Odegaard Dep Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering
NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology Dep. Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Prof. Hallvard Ødegaard WASTEWATER AS A RESOURCE - WHAT ARE THE OPTIONS Hallvard Ødegaard Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
DEVELOPMENT OF WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT 1850 1950 2000 2050 Sanitary Engineering Environmental Engineering Water Environm. Management Hygiene in focus Pollution control in focus Water reuse in focus Cholera epidemic 1850. Secondary treatm., 1950. Growth limited by water Chlorination, 1900 P-removal, 1970 Extensive ww treatment Wastewater collection. Reuse for crop irrigation Reuse of ww for irrigation Sewage farms N-removal 1990 Urban water reuse Primary treatment Sludge on farmland Productification of sludge Deep-sea outfalls · Alternativ systems-reuse· Utilisation of ww heat Water use- supply driven Water use -demond driven NINU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology Prof Hallvard Odegaard Dep Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering
NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology Dep. Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Prof. Hallvard Ødegaard DEVELOPMENT OF WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT 1850 1950 2000 2050 Sanitary Engineering Environmental Engineering Water Environm. Management Hygiene in focus Pollution control in focus Water reuse in focus • Cholera epidemic 1850 • Chlorination, 1900 • Wastewater collection • Sewage farms • Primary treatment • Deep-sea outfalls • Secondary treatm., 1950 • P-removal, 1970 • Reuse for crop irrigation • N-removal, 1990 • Sludge on farmland • Alternativ systems-reuse • Growth limited by water • Extensive ww treatment • Reuse of ww for irrigation • Urban water reuse • Productification of sludge • Utilisation of ww heat Water use — supply driven Water use — demond driven
WASTEWATER FARMS The sewage farm(see Melbourne wwtp below) is an example of minimal discharge based on"assimilative" and"self-purification"of soil and vegetation. Farming cattle brings food back to the city bred on the waste from it. but enormous areas close to the city required NINU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology Prof Hallvard Odegaard Dep Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering
NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology Dep. Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Prof. Hallvard Ødegaard WASTEWATER FARMS The sewage farm (see Melbourne wwtp below) is an example of minimal discharge based on “assimilative” and “self-purification” of soil and vegetation. Farming cattle brings food back to the city bred on the waste from it. But enormous areas close to the city required
REUSE OF THE TREATED WATER In most regions of Europe the use of water has been Supply driven Price of water low In the future water use in many regions in Europe will be Demand driven Price of water will increase Extensive treatment of wastewater cost effective NINU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology Prof Hallvard Odegaard Dep Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering
NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology Dep. Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Prof. Hallvard Ødegaard REUSE OF THE TREATED WATER In most regions of Europe the use of water has been : Supply driven Price of water low In the future water use in many regions in Europe will be : Demand driven Price of water will increase Extensive treatment of wastewater cost effective
SUSTAINABLE URBAN WATER SYSTEMS Two schools factor The present centralized Agriculture system should be replaced by alternative systems based on local handling 自日 2. The present centralized URban landscape system is the only realistic one, but it should Domestic/commerci be modified to be in agree Wastewater treatment ment with sustainable Groundw a ter recharge development Water treatment Industrial 几 The resources Surface water wastewater must be utilized NINU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology Prof Hallvard Odegaard Dep Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering
NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology Dep. Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Prof. Hallvard Ødegaard SUSTAINABLE URBAN WATER SYSTEMS Two schools : 1. The present centralized system should be replaced by alternative systems based on local handling 2. The present centralized system is the only realistic one, but it should be modified to be in agreement with sustainable development The resources in wastewater must be utilized ! Water treatment Industrial Domestic/commercial Wastewater treatment Groundwater recharge Urban landscape Agriculture Groundwater Surface water Sludge “factory