UEATop 10 grand challenges:UniversityofEastAngliaHumanity's Top TenProblemsfornext50yearsENERGY2WATERFOOD3.4ENVIRONMENT5POVERTY6.TERRORISM&WAR7.DISEASE8EDUCATION9DEMOCRACY20036.3Billion People10.POPULATION20508-10Billion People
Top 10 grand challenges:
UETheBigPictureUniversityofEastAngliaThis generation is usingthe earth's finite resources muchfasterthantheycanberegeneratedIt's estimated that we burn in 1 year what it took nature15,000 yearstomakeWe are endangering the standard of living of futuregenerations+Energy/ResourcesPoor+Pollution(incl.climatechange)+Biodiversity (largest mass extinction of species in the past 65million years)12
The Big Picture This generation is using the earth’s finite resources much faster than they can be regenerated It’s estimated that we burn in 1 year what it took nature 15,000 years to make We are endangering the standard of living of future generations Energy / Resources Poor Pollution (incl. climate change) Biodiversity (largest mass extinction of species in the past 65 million years) 12
UEYMotivations that drive today'senergydiscussionsUniversityof EastAngliaFossil fuelsareafiniteresource+Cheapoil andgaswill probablyrunout in ourlifetime+Neededforplastics andotheressential materialsWe're interestedin securityofenergy supply+Eachnation/economicblockneeds securitytoprotect industryand essential services+Haveourfossil fuelspeaked?It's verylikelythatfossil fuels changethe climate13
Motivations that drive today’s energy discussions Fossil fuels are a finite resource Cheap oil and gas will probably run out in our lifetime Needed for plastics and other essential materials We’re interested in security of energy supply Each nation / economic block needs security to protect industry and essential services Have our fossil fuels peaked? It’s very likely that fossil fuels change the climate 13
UEIRenewableUniversityof EastAngliaRenewable energy is energy generated from naturalresources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, andgeothermal heatwhich are renewable (naturallyreplenished补充）Althoughby definition non-finite,renewablesareconstrained by technology and infrastructure capable ofharvestWhile most renewable energy projects and production islarge-scale, renewable technologies are also suited tosmall off-grid applications inrural and remote areas,where energy is often crucial in human development14
Renewable Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat—which are renewable (naturally replenished 补充). Although by definition non-finite, renewables are constrained by technology and infrastructure capable of harvest While most renewable energy projects and production is large-scale, renewable technologies are also suited to small off-grid applications in rural and remote areas, where energy is often crucial in human development 14
UEARenewableEnergySourcesUniversityofEastAngliaDirect Solar+SolarThermal:directheating of buildings and water+Photovoltaics:directgenerationofelectricityIndirect Solar+HydroPower+WindPower+WavePower+Bioenergy:using trees, bacteria,algae水藻, corn, soy beans,oroilseed to make energy fuels, chemicals, or building materialsNon-SolarRenewables+Tidal Energy+Geothermal15
Renewable Energy Sources Direct Solar Solar Thermal: direct heating of buildings and water Photovoltaics: direct generation of electricity Indirect Solar Hydro Power Wind Power Wave Power Bioenergy: using trees, bacteria, algae水藻, corn, soy beans, or oilseed to make energy fuels, chemicals, or building materials Non-Solar Renewables Tidal Energy Geothermal 15