人均水资源Water storage in m3/cap 7,000 6,150 人均水资源状况 6,000 5,000 4.729 Water storage and 4.000 3.255 the poverty trap 3,000 2,486 2.000 1.287 1,406 1,000 746 43 0 ☐hycay ☐tleowate sy
人均水资源Water storage in m3/cap 43 746 1,287 1,406 2,486 3,255 4,729 6,150 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 Ethiopia South Africa Thailand Laos China Brazil Australia North America 人均水资源状况 Water storage and the poverty trap 6
Water resources situation in China ▣Shortage and waste 水资源分布 ▣polution Resource distribution □Degradation of 河流年径新 ecology 亿立方米 3601 Un-even distribution in time and area Total water resource in2009 2376,3 billion M3 Resource 1784.9 M3 产水模数指标 per capita (万立方米平方公里) ☐120 Consumption 445.7 90-120 M3 per capita 50-90 10-50 -10
Water resources situation in China Shortage and waste polution Degradation of ecology Un-even distribution in time and area Resource distribution • Total water resource in 2009 • 2376,3 billion M3 • Resource 1784.9 M3 per capita • Consumption 445.7 M3 per capita 7
The environment:Water General situation: Water shortage in the northern part:"Southern Water Diversion to North"; Severe pollution of almost all waters through cities; 。 Eutrophication of many known lakes Near shore marine water pollution,red tides
The environment: Water General situation: • Water shortage in the northern part: “Southern Water Diversion to North”; • Severe pollution of almost all waters through cities; • Eutrophication of many known lakes • Near shore marine water pollution, red tides, … 8
Chinese Quality Standard for Surface Water Sources A part of typical water quality standard limited value(Unit:mg/L) Pollutants Class I ClassⅡ ClassⅢ Class IV Class V Dissolved oxygen ≥ 7.5 6 5 3 2 Permanganate index≤ 2 4 6 10 15 COD ≤ 15 15 20 30 40 BODs ≤ 3 3 4 6 10 NH3-N ≤ 0.015 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Total P ≤ 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Total N ≤ 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Arsenic ≤ 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.1 Hg ≤ 0.00005 0.00005 0.000 0.001 0.001 Cd ≤ a001 0.005 005 0.005 0.01 9
Chinese Quality Standard for Surface Water Sources A part of typical water quality standard limited value (Unit：mg/L) Pollutants ClassⅠ ClassⅡ Class Ⅲ Class Ⅳ Class Ⅴ Dissolved oxygen ≥ 7.5 6 5 3 2 Permanganate index ≤ 2 4 6 10 15 COD ≤ 15 15 20 30 40 BOD5 ≤ 3 3 4 6 10 NH3-N ≤ 0.015 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Total P ≤ 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Total N ≤ 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Arsenic ≤ 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.1 Hg ≤ 0.00005 0.00005 0.0001 0.001 0.001 Cd ≤ 0.001 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.01 9
常州 Changzhou Suzhou苏州 Wuxi无 锡 Shanghai 上海 China's third largest freshwater lake
常州 Changzhou Wuxi无 锡 Suzhou 苏州 Shanghai 上海 China's third largest freshwater lake 10