(2) This refers to the money sent back to home countries by people working in a foreign land 这里指的是那些在国外工作的人汇回国内的钱。 ①句中画线部分为过去分词短语作定语,修饰 money ② working in a foreign land为现在分词短语作 定语,修饰 people 3)Invisible trade can be as important to some countries as visible trade is to others如同有形 贸易对二题里家非當重要一样,无形贸易对 as+adj+其他+as..结构的用法:像 样
◼ (2) This refers to the money sent back to home countries by people working in a foreign land. 这里指的是那些在国外工作的人汇回国内的钱。 ◼ ①句中画线部分为过去分词短语作定语，修饰 money。 ◼ ② working in a foreign land 为现在分词短语作 定语，修饰people。 ◼ (3) Invisible trade can be as important to some countries as visible trade is to others.如同有形 贸易对一些国家非常重要一样，无形贸易对一 些国家一样非常重要。 ◼ as +adj.+其他+as…结构的用法：像……一样
(4)A tariff is a tax levied on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of a customs area which usually coincides with the area of a country.关税是商品跨越 关税区时对该商品征收的税。一般来说,关税区与 个国家的领域是一致的。 ① levy a tariff on:对征……收关税 A departure tax was levied on all travellers. ②句中画线部分是过去分词短语,作tax的定语。 ③ coincide with:与 致 My ideas coincide with his 我的想法与他的一致
◼ (4) A tariff is a tax levied on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of a customs area which usually coincides with the area of a country. 关税是商品跨越 关税区时对该商品征收的税。一般来说，关税区与 一个国家的领域是一致的。 ◼ ① levy a tariff on:对征……收关税 A departure tax was levied on all travellers. ◼ ②句中画线部分是过去分词短语，作tax的定语。 ◼ ③ coincide with:与……一致 My ideas coincide with his. 我的想法与他的一致
( 5)Import duties may be either specific, or ad valorem or a combination of the two compound duties,进口税可以是从量税、从价 税、或两者的结合,即混合税。 either.0r.:或者.或者 ■■■■■ (6) But a complete answer must also ta ke into account other factors such as patterns of scale and, economies of scale and innovation or style. 但是,完整的答案还必须考虑到一些其他因素, 如需求结构、规模经济、以及革新或款式。 ① take sth. into accounts:把.…考虑在内 ② such as:例如
◼ (5) Import duties may be either specific, or ad valorem, or a combination of the two —— compound duties. 进口税可以是从量税、从价 税、或两者的结合，即混合税。 ◼ either…or…：或者……或者…… ◼ (6) But a complete answer must also take into account other factors such as patterns of scale and , economies of scale and innovation or style. 但是，完整的答案还必须考虑到一些其他因素， 如需求结构、规模经济、以及革新或款式。 ◼ ① take sth. into account:把……考虑在内 ◼ ② such as:例如
(7) For strategic or domestic reasonS, a country may continue to produce goods for which it does not have an advantage,出于战略或国内的原因,一个国家可能继续 生产其不具优势的商品。 for which为“介词+关系代词”结构,引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 goods,for在这里是“对于”的意思,即 “对于这些商品,这个国家并不具优势”。 (8)Where there are no differences among countries in the basic capabilities at producing goods, other bases for trade among them may still exist.在那些生产商品的基 础能力方面没有差异的国家中,其他方面的贸易基础仍 然可能存在。 where引导一个地点状语从句
◼ (7) For strategic or domestic reasons, a country may continue to produce goods for which it does not have an advantage. 出于战略或国内的原因，一个国家可能继续 生产其不具优势的商品。 ◼ for which为“介词+关系代词”结构，引导定语从句， 修饰先行词goods，for在这里是“对于”的意思，即 “对于这些商品，这个国家并不具优势” 。 ◼ (8) Where there are no differences among countries in the basic capabilities at producing goods, other bases for trade among them may still exist. 在那些生产商品的基 础能力方面没有差异的国家中，其他方面的贸易基础仍 然可能存在。 ◼ where 引导一个地点状语从句
9) For example, most consumers in one country may consider dog meat a delicacy, while in another country the consumption of dog meat is abhorrent.例如,在一个国家消费 者可能把狗肉看作一种美食,而在另一个国家, 吃狗肉则被认为是不雅的。 ① while:而”表示前后意思的对比。 ② abhorrent:adj4可恶的
◼ (9) For example, most consumers in one country may consider dog meat a delicacy, while in another country the consumption of dog meat is abhorrent. 例如，在一个国家消费 者可能把狗肉看作一种美食，而在另一个国家， 吃狗肉则被认为是不雅的。 ◼ ① while:“而”表示前后意思的对比。 ◼ ② abhorrent:adj.“可恶的