Ason otherislandsThe lakes of northelWilliamTonnand Magnuson(1982):NakoaearchipelagoofFish.1.300lakes(18),:2.4~89.8ha.Daw3ods0fooeTrout LakeBiological Stati10010Vilas County5kmLake area (ha)WisconsinFUbhoo
William Tonn and Magnuson (1982): Fish , 1,300 lakes(18) , :2.4~89.8ha
Fora given area,islands near New1,000Guinea support more bird speciesthan those farther away.Nearislandsi100Intermediateislands80°Farislands10IslandIsolationandSpeciesRichness262602,60026.000260.000Area (km)FIGURE19.5Distance from New Guinea and birds species richnesson Pacificislands(data fromMacArthurandWilson1963)
➢ Island Isolation and Species Richness
LARGE-SCALEECOLOGIGEOGRAPHICECOLOGTMarkWilliamson(1981)In contrast,distance doesnotThedistantAzoreIslands supportfewerreduce the diversity of ferns andbird speciesthantheChannel Islands,their allies on the Azore Islandswhicharenearthecoastof EuropeoeesoaasChannel Islands100100eoi(near)08Azore IslandsAzore Islands?300Channel IslandsEffectof(far)isolation1010O3006001.000306010031063006001.000306010036101Islandarea(km)Island area (km)FIGURE19.6InfuenceofisolationondiversityofbirdsandfermsandtheiraliesontheChaneland AzoreIslands(data fromWiliamson1981)
Mark Williamson(1981)
Isolation and Habitat Islands on ContinentsNumberofmontanemammalspecies declines withsaaseei15increasingdistancefromsource ofpotential colonists105O30025015050100ZU0ODistancefrom source(km)FIGURE 19.7Distance from large montane areas and number of mon-tane mammal species on isolated mountain ranges of the AmericanSouthwest (data from Lomolino, Brown, and Davis 1989)
•Isolation and Habitat Islands on Continents
LARGE-SCALEECOLDGEGEOGRAPHICECOOGTbeSpeciesrichnessislandsoncanmodeled as a dynamic balancebetweenimmigration and extinction of species
❖ Species richness on islands can be modeled as a dynamic balance between immigration and extinction of species