Review: 1.What is the orientation relationship between maximum shear stresses and principal stresses? 2. What are trajectories of principal stresses?

(A)General triaxial stress ellipsoid in perspective view. (B)Views normal to each of the principal planes of the ellipsoid. (After W.D. Means,1976)

Force Force is a kind of mechanical action between different objects, it tends to change the shape, volume or movement state of the object with a force upon it. Force is a vector quantity, and thus possesses both magnitude and direction; it can be represented by an arrow whose length specifies the magnitude and whose

OBSERVATION OF TECTONIC SAMPLES Observe tectonic samples in the STRUCTURAL SCOPE. Discuss what you observed with your group members. Select one representative of the group to exchange ideas with other groups in the class

1.地质纪年方法 2.地球的早期演化 3.地质发展历史

Planar fabric Linear fabric and the size and elements In one dimension is Are parallel to much Longer than that in one another the other two dimensions

实习区所处的大地构造位置,位于华北地台燕辽沉降带东段、古山海关隆起南缘的柳 江向斜盆地内。其出露的地层中生界以前属华北地台型,而中生界侏罗系属环太平洋火山 活动带。由于构造运动影响,使区内普遍缺失了中奥陶统至下石炭统、三叠系、白垩系及 第三系。其它时代地层发育较好,出露较全,化石较丰富,各地层单位划分标志清楚,地 层特征具有一定代表性

(1)认识黑山嘴断裂构造裂隙水的形成和出露条件。 (2)认识断裂含水系统的基本特征

柳江盆地地处燕山山脉东段,为南北延伸的低山丘陵区。北、东、南三面为燕山期花 岗岩形成的陡峻山岭所包围,东南面多为丘陵。盆地中西部火山岩分布区山高坡陡,多在 海拔400m以上,东部山丘的海拔高度一般为160~300m

矿体尤其是围岩中赋存地下水,这种现象称矿床充水。这些地下水及与之有联系的其 它水源,在开采状态下造成矿坑的持续涌水。把水源矿坑的途径称充水通道。水源与通道 构成了矿床充水的基本条件,其它各种因素只是通过对水源与通道的作用,影响矿坑涌水 量的大小,称充水强度影响因素。如阳隔各种水源进入矿坑自然因素,扩大天然通道,产 生新通道的采矿因素