Introduction: Weathering The Breakdown of Rock At the Earth's surface, rocks are exposed to the effects of weathering: the chemical alteration and mechanical breakdown of rock, when exposed to air, moisture, and organic matter. Weathering is an integral part of the rock cycle. Weathering converts rock to regolith

Introduction: Earth's' Internal-- Thermal Engine Magma is molten rock beneath Earth's surface. Because liquid magma is less dense than surrounding solid rock, and obviously more mobile, magma, once formed, rises toward the surface. Magma that reaches the surface does so by erupting through vents we call volcanoes

Introduction: What Is an Igneous rock? Igneous rocks vary greatly. Some contain large mineral grains. Others contain grains so small they can barely be seen under a high power microscope. Igneous rocks also vary greatly in color. All igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma

Introduction: What Is Mineral? Mineral Naturally formed, inorganic, solid material with a specific chemical composition and a characteristic crystalline structure. Rock Naturally formed, coherent mass of one or more minerals, sometimes including organic debris

Plate Tectonics From Hypothesis to Theory Plate tectonics is a scientific theory that explains two centuries of often puzzling observations and hypotheses a bout our planet Earth. a The continents are drifting very slowl across the face of our planet Continental drift is a concept with a long history

Earth's Internal Structure When a meteorite impacts a planet or moon, its energy of motion (called kinetic energy)is transformed into heat energy. As Earth grew larger and larger from continual impacts, its temperature increased. Radioactive decay of materials like uranium, thorium and potassium also added heat

Geology Geology is the science of studying Earth. Geologists study the Earth's processes, such as: Volcanism. Glaciation. Stream-flow. Rock formation

Syllabus of Physical Geology Chapter 1 meet planet earth Chapter 2: Global Tectonics, Our Dynamic Planet oChapter 3: Atoms, Elements, Minerals, Rocks: EarthsBuilding materials Chapter 4: Igneous Rocks: Product of Earth's Internal fire Chapter 5: Magma And volcanoes Chapter 6: Weathering and soils Chapter 7: Sediments and Sedimentary rocks Chapter 8: Metamorphism and Metamorphic rock Chapter 9: How rock Bends, Buckles, and Breaks Chapter 10: Earthquakes and Earth's Interior Chapter 11: Geologic Time And The rock record Chapter 12: The Earth Through Time

第一节岩石风化与气候 第二节岩石圈变动与气候 第三节地貌与气候 第四节沙尘暴与黄土沉积

第一节气候类型划分与气候环境评估 第二节生物环境分区与评估 第三节地形、地貌与地质环境评估与区划 第四节水资源与水资源分布 第五节土地分类、分级与评估 第六节综合自然区划