1、重点内容: ①掌握导热问题数值解法的基本思路; ②利用热平衡法和泰勒级数展开法建立节点的离散方程。 2、掌握内容:数值解法的实质。 3、了解内容:了解非稳态导热问题的两种差分格式及其稳定性

自然界普遍存在对流换热,它比导热更复杂。 到目前为止,对流换热问题的研究还很不充分。(a)某些方面还处在积累实验数据 的阶段;(b)某些方面研究比较详细,但 由于数学上的困难;使得在工程上可应用 的公式大多数还是经验公式(实验结果)

8-1角系数的定义、性质及计算 两个表面之间的辐射换热量与两个表面之间的相对位置有很大关系

一、基本概念 1传热学 传热学是研究热量传递规律的学科 （1)物体内只要存在温差,就有热量从物体的高温部分传向低温部分; （2)物体之间存在温差时,热量就会自发的从高温物体传向低温物体

That streams of electrons possess the properties of beams of waves was dis- covered early in 1927 in a large industrial laboratory in the midst of a great city, and in a small university laboratory overlooking a cold and desolate sea. The coincidence seems the more striking when one remembers that facil- ities for making this discovery had been in constant use in laboratories throughout the world for more than a quarter of a century. And yet the coincidence was not, in fact, in any way remarkable. Discoveries in physics are made when the time for making them is ripe, and not before; the stage is set, the time is ripe, and the event occurs-more often than not at widely separated places at almost the same moment

When in 1920 I resumed my studies of theoretical physics which had long been interrupted by circumstances beyond my control, I was far from the idea that my studies would bring me several years later to receive such a higl and envied prize as that awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences each year to a scientist: the Nobel Prize for Physics. What at that time drew me towards theoretical physics was not the hope that such a high distinction

Nobel lecture december 12, 1933 On passing through an optical instrument, such as a telescope or a camera lens, a ray of light is subjec reflecting surface. The path of the rays can be constructed if we know the two simple laws which govern the changes in direction: the law of refrac- tion which was discovered by Snellius a few hundred years ago, and the law of reflection with which Archimedes was familiar more than 2,000 years ago

一、算符解法 二、系统常用量子光学,固体

◼ 不好分割 ◼ 整体近似 ◼ 总能做

当扰动依赖于时间时，就不是能级问题，而是能级间的变化问题或跃迁问题