That streams of electrons possess the properties of beams of waves was dis- covered early in 1927 in a large industrial laboratory in the midst of a great city, and in a small university laboratory overlooking a cold and desolate sea. The coincidence seems the more striking when one remembers that facil- ities for making this discovery had been in constant use in laboratories throughout the world for more than a quarter of a century. And yet the coincidence was not, in fact, in any way remarkable. Discoveries in physics are made when the time for making them is ripe, and not before; the stage is set, the time is ripe, and the event occurs-more often than not at widely separated places at almost the same moment

When in 1920 I resumed my studies of theoretical physics which had long been interrupted by circumstances beyond my control, I was far from the idea that my studies would bring me several years later to receive such a higl and envied prize as that awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences each year to a scientist: the Nobel Prize for Physics. What at that time drew me towards theoretical physics was not the hope that such a high distinction

Nobel lecture december 12, 1933 On passing through an optical instrument, such as a telescope or a camera lens, a ray of light is subjec reflecting surface. The path of the rays can be constructed if we know the two simple laws which govern the changes in direction: the law of refrac- tion which was discovered by Snellius a few hundred years ago, and the law of reflection with which Archimedes was familiar more than 2,000 years ago

Nobel Lecture december 13. 1946 The history of the discovery of the exclusion principle m, for which I have received the honor of the Nobel Prize award in the year 1945, goes back to my students days in Munich. While, in school in Vienna, I had already ob- tained some knowledge of classical physics and the then new Einstein rel- ativity theory, it was at the University of Munich that I was introduced by Sommerfeld to the structure of the atom- somewhat strange from the point of view of classical physics. I was not spared the which every

The events leading to the discovery of tunnelling supercurrents took place while I was working as a research student at the Royal Society Mond Labo- ratory, Cambridge, under the supervision of Professor Brian Pippard. During my second year as a research student, in 1961-2, we were fortunate to have as a visitor to the laboratory Professor Phil Anderson, who has made numerous

湖北大学：《大学物理》课程考试试题纸

湖北大学：《大学物理》考试试题参考答案及评分标准

湖北大学：《大学物理》课程考试试题参考答案及评分标准

湖北大学：《大学物理》课程考试试题纸

麦克斯韦最先注意到(也可以从十分简单的计算得出), 当两个点A,B一起移动而不带动附近的以太时,光线从点 A走到点B再返回点A所需的时间一定会不同.当然,这个 差值是个二阶量,但是用灵敏的干涉方法已经足以检测出来。 迈克尔逊于1881年做了这样的实验他的仪器是一种 干涉仪,有两个长度相等并互相垂直的水平臂P和Q.两東 互相干涉的光线,一束沿P臂往返,另一束沿Q臂往返。整个 仪器包括光源和观察装置,可以绕竖直轴转动.当P臂或Q 臂尽可能与地球运动方向相同时的两个位置值得特别考虑 根据菲涅尔理论可以预言,当仪器从一个主位置转到另一个 主位置时,千涉条纹应发生位移 但是,取决于光传播时间改变的这种位移(为简单起见