4.Competition Competition may occur through 2 different process: Interference or contest competition-Winner directly limits its competitors access to the resource.Winner takes all. Exploitation or scramble competition -All competitors have equal access to the resources and share the same fate. Population consequences of: Interference Exploitation Time Time
Competition may occur through 2 different process: • Interference or contest competition - Winner directly limits its competitors access to the resource. Winner takes all. • Exploitation or scramble competition - All competitors have equal access to the resources and share the same fate. Population consequences of: Interference Exploitation 4. Competition 4. Competition
II.CATEGORIES OF PEST INSECTS AND CONDITIONS CAUSING DISASTER >What makes an insect a pest? >Economic losses >Categories of pest insects >Conditions causing pest disaster
Ⅱ. CATEGORIES OF PEST CATEGORIES OF PEST INSECTS AND CONDITIONS INSECTS AND CONDITIONS CAUSING DISASTER CAUSING DISASTER ¾What makes an insect a pest? ¾Economic losses ¾Categories of pest insects Categories of pest insects ¾Conditions causing pest disaster Conditions causing pest disaster
1.What makes an insect a pest? Nuisance/psychological discomfort Health hazard (human,pets) And
Nuisance/psychological discomfort Health hazard (human, pets) And…. 1. What makes an insect a pest?
2.Economic losses 。 Residential pest control ·Medical bills Business-related losses AGRICULTURAL→ Horticultural
• Residential pest control • Medical bills • Business-related losses AGRICULTURAL Horticultural 2. Economic losses
Slow response type ① 个 ② Yield ③ 1 工T Pest Density IT Injury threshold
Slow response type IT = Injury threshold