Factors That Influence Behavior Change Predisposing factors Knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes based on life experiences as well as gender age, race, socioeconomic background Enabling factors Skills and abilities, resources available can be positive or negative Reinforcing factors Presence or absence of support encouragement or discouragement from those around you
Factors That Influence Behavior Change • Predisposing factors: – Knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes based on life experiences as well as gender, age, race, socioeconomic background • Enabling factors: – Skills and abilities, resources available; can be positive or negative • Reinforcing factors: – Presence or absence of support, encouragement or discouragement from those around you
Factors That Influence Behavior-Change Decisions Knowledge Adequate supports, resources Incentives and rewards Beliefs Skills and abilities Family support alues Availability of health resources Peer support Attitudes Community/government Teacher support and Culture ority and commitment to encouragement Employer actions and policies ariables (age, sex, race Health-related skills Health provider costs and income. education, etc Physical, emotional, and Access to low-cost, high- mental capabilities Community resources quality health care Access to health education Safe areas Predisposing Enabling Reinforcing factors factors factors Regular health assessments Improved relationships Safer d Safer sexual be haviors Weight management Enhanced exercise behaviors Stress management and control Improved consumer decisions BEHAVIORS Figure 1.3
Factors That Influence Behavior-Change Decisions Figure 1.3
Who is Responsible for following behavior Smoking and alcohol abuse nsate sex Eating junk food
Who is Responsible For Following Behavior… • Smoking and alcohol abuse • Unsafe sex • Eating junk food
Smoking and alcohol abuse Individuals ( choice) Communities (norms regarding smoking Health policymakers Legislators tax assessors Tobacco company executives Decision-makers in marketing companies
Smoking and Alcohol Abuse • Individuals (choice) • Communities (norms regarding smoking) • Health policymakers • Legislators & tax assessors • Tobacco company executives • Decision-makers in marketing companies
Unsafe sex ndividuals(abstinence, fidelity condoms) Communities (norms regarding male dominance and multiple partners Poverty(transactional sex for poor women Health policymakers and health workers (effective AiDS prevention programs)
Unsafe Sex • Individuals (abstinence, fidelity, condoms) • Communities (norms regarding male dominance and multiple partners) • Poverty (transactional sex for poor women) • Health policymakers and health workers (effective AIDS prevention programs)