深圳大学：《塑料成型工艺与模具》课程教学资源（教材讲义）Chapter 4 Mold Manufacturing

G401(G150 19 direction control cancel mode G41.1(G151) hal direction control left side or G42.1(G152) 19 Normal direction control right side on I ler 08 direction G46 G47 Tool offset double increa 00 Tool offset double descrease 08 Tool length compensation cancel GGGG 149 050 11 Programmable mirror image cance G51.1 22 Programmable mirror image 0 Local coordinate system setting G53 00 Machine coordinate system selection 14 Workpiece coordinte system selection 「G54.1 14 Additional workpiece coordinate system selection G55 Work! oordinte system 2 selection G56 14 Workpiece coordinte system 3 selection G57 coordinte system 4 selection G58 4 Workpiece coordinte system selection G60 m Exact stop mode G62 15 Automatic corner override G63 Tapping mode G64 G65 Macro call G66 Macro modal call Macro modal call cancel G68 16 Coordinate rotation/Three dimensional coordinate conversion G69 6 Coordinate rotation cancel/Three dimensional oordinate conversion cancel 09 Peck drilling cycle G74 G75 01 Plunge grinding cycle(for grinding machine G76 09 Fine boring cycle G77 01 Direct constant-dimension plunge grinding cycle for grinding machine) G78 01 Continuous-feed surface grinding cycle(for grinding terni ed surface grinding cycle ( cancel/External operaton function cancel G81 09 Drilling cycle, spot boring cycle or external 09 Drilling cycle or counter boring cycle G83 09 Peck drilling cycle 0 Tapping cycle G85 09Boring cycle G86 Boring cycle

G42 00 Cutter compensation right G40.1(G150) 19 Normal direction control cancel mode G41.1(G151) 19 Normal direction control left side on G42.1(G152) 19 Normal direction control right side on G43 08 Tool length compensation + direction G44 08 Tool length compensation – direction G45 00 Tool offset increase G46 00 Tool offset decrease G47 00 Tool offset double increase G48 00 Tool offset double descrease G49 08 Tool length compensation cancel G50 11 Scaling cancel G51 11 Scaling G50.1 22 Programmable mirror image cancel G51.1 22 Programmable mirror image G52 00 Local coordinate system setting G53 00 Machine coordinate system selection G54 14 Workpiece coordinte system 1 selection G54.1 14 Additional workpiece coordinate system selection G55 14 Workpiece coordinte system 2 selection G56 14 Workpiece coordinte system 3 selection G57 14 Workpiece coordinte system 4 selection G58 14 Workpiece coordinte system 5 selection G59 14 Workpiece coordinte system 6 selection G60 00/01 Single direction positioning G61 15 Exact stop mode G62 15 Automatic corner override G63 15 Tapping mode G64 15 Cutting mode G65 00 Macro call G66 12 Macro modal call G67 12 Macro modal call cancel G68 16 Coordinate rotation/Three dimensional coordinate conversion G69 16 Coordinate rotation cancel/Three dimensional coordinate conversion cancel G73 09 Peck drilling cycle G74 09 Counter tapping cycle G75 01 Plunge grinding cycle (for grinding machine) G76 09 Fine boring cycle G77 01 Direct constant-dimension plunge grinding cycle (for grinding machine) G78 01 Continuous-feed surface grinding cycle (for grinding machine) G79 01 Intermittent-feed surface grinding cycle (for grinding mchine) G80 09 Canned cycle cancel/External operaton function cancel G81 09 Drilling cycle, spot boring cycle or external operation function G82 09 Drilling cycle or counter boring cycle G83 09 Peck drilling cycle G84 09 Tapping cycle G85 09 Boring cycle G86 09 Boring cycle

87 back boring cycle B G91 Increment comm etting for work coordinate system or clamp at maximum spindle speed 92.1 Workpiece coordinate system prese G94 G97 13 Constant surface speed control cancel G98 10 Return to initial point in canned cycle Return to r point in canned cvcle G160 20 In-feed control function cancel (for grindin G161 n-feed control function( for grind 60R Fig 4-9 tool path The tool path in Fig 4-9 can be programmed as follow: G92x200.0Y40.0Z0 G90G03X140.0Y100.0R60.0F300 G02X1200Y60.0R50.0 G92X200.0Y40.0Z0 90G03X140.0Y100.0l-600F300 GO2X1200Y60.0L-50.0 2)In incremental programming G9lG03X-60.0￥60.0R600F300.; G02X-20.0Y-40.0R500 G9lG03X-600Y60.0l-60.0F300 i02X-20.0Y-40.0l-500

G87 09 Back boring cycle G88 09 Boring cycle G89 03 Boring cycle G90 03 Absolute command G91 00 Increment command G92 00 Setting for work coordinate system or clamp at maximum spindle speed G92.1 00 Workpiece coordinate system preset G94 05 Feed per minute G95 05 Feed per rotation G96 13 Constant surface speed control G97 13 Constant surface speed control cancel G98 10 Return to initial point in canned cycle G99 10 Return to R point in canned cycle G160 20 In-feed control function cancel (for grinding machine ) G161 20 In-feed control function ( for grinding machine ) Fig 4-9: tool path programming sample 1 The tool path in Fig 4-9 can be programmed as follow: 1) In absolute programming G92X200.0Y40.0Z0; G90G03X140.0Y100.0R60.0F300.; G02X120.0Y60.0R50.0; or G92X200.0Y40.0Z0; G90G03X140.0Y100.0I-60.0F300.; G02X120.0Y60.0I-50.0; 2) In incremental programming G91G03X-60.0Y60.0R60.0F300.; G02X-20.0Y-40.0R50.0; or G91G03X-60.0Y60.0I-60.0F300.; G02X-20.0Y-40.0I-50.0;

N12 Y轴 刀具直径 具偏置值:+100 X轴 Fig 4-10: tool path programming sample 2 Fig 4-10 is a program example using tool offset. It can be programmed as follow: NIG9lG46G00X80.0Y500D01; N2G47G01X50.0F120.0, N3Y40.0 N4G48X40.0 N5Y-40.0 N6G45X30.0 N7G46G03X30.0J30.0 N8G45G0lY20.0 N9 G46XO Nl0G46G02X-30.0Y30.0J30.0 Nll G45G01Y0 Nl2G47X-120.0; Nl3G47Y-80.0 Nl4G46G00X80.0Y-50.0;

Fig 4-10: tool path programming sample 2 Fig 4-10 is a program example using tool offset. It can be programmed as follow: N1 G91G46G00X80.0Y50.0D01; N2 G47G01X50.0F120.0; N3 Y40.0; N4 G48X40.0; N5 Y-40.0; N6 G45X30.0; N7 G46G03X30.0J30.0; N8 G45G01Y20.0; N9 G46X0; N10 G46G02X-30.0Y30.0J30.0; N11 G45G01Y0; N12 G47X-120.0; N13 G47Y-80.0; N14 G46G00X80.0Y-50.0;

Reference posrtion #3 150 s 1 to 6 Drilling of a 10r 7 to 10 Drilling of a 20mm diameter 11 to 13 Boring of a 95mm diameter hole(depth 50 mm) 250 Initial level X T3 Fig 4-11: tool path programming sample Fig 4-1l is a program example using tool length offset and canned cycles. Offset value +2000 is set on offset no 11+1900 is set in offset no. 15. and +150.0 is set in offset no 31 NOO1 G92XOY0Z0 Coordinate setting at reference position NO02G90G00Z250.0T1lM6 Tool change No03 G43Z0Hll Initial level tool length offset No04 S30M3 Spindle start No5G99G81X4000RY-350.0 Z-1530R-97.0F120 Positioning, then #l drilling N06Y-550.0 Positioning, then #2 drilling and point r level return NO07G98Y-750.0 Positioning, then #3 drilling and initial level return No08G99X1200.0 Positioning, then #4 drilling and point R level return No09Y-550.0 Positioning, then #5 drilling and point R level return NO10G98Y350.0 Positioning, then #6 drilling and initial level return NOll GO0XOYOM5 Reference, then #6 drilling and initial level return Nol2G49Z250.0T15M6 Tool length offset cancel, tool change No13 G43Z0H15 Initial level. tool length offset NO014S20M3; Spindle start Nol5G99G82X550.0￥-450.0

Fig 4-11: tool path programming sample 3 Fig 4-11 is a program example using tool length offset and cannesd cycles. Offset value +200.0 is set on offset No.11 +190.0 is set in offset No.15, and +150.0 is set in offset No.31. ; N001 G92X0Y0Z0; Coordinate setting at reference position N002 G90G00Z250.0T11M6; Tool change N003 G43Z0H11; Initial level, tool length offset N004 S30M3 Spindle start N005 G99G81X400.0RY-350.0 Z-153.0R-97.0F120 Positioning, then #1 drilling N006 Y-550.0 Positioning, then #2 drilling and point R level return N007 G98Y-750.0; Positioning, then #3 drilling and initial level return N008 G99X1200.0 Positioning, then #4 drilling and point R level return N009 Y-550.0; Positioning, then #5 drilling and point R level return N010 G98Y-350.0 Positioning, then #6 drilling and initial level return N011 G00X0Y0M5; Reference, then #6 drilling and initial level return N012 G49Z250.0T15M6; Tool length offset cancel, tool change N013 G43Z0H15; Initial level, tool length offset N014 S20M3; Spindle start N015 G99G82X550.0Y-450.0

Z-1300R-970P300F70 Positioning, then #7 drilling, point R level return No16G98Y-6500; Positioning, then #8 drilling, initial level return NO17G99X1050.0 Positioning, then #9 drilling, point R level return Nol8G98Y-450.0 Positioning, then #10 drilling, initial level return No19 GO0XOYOM Reference position return, spindle stop NO20G49Z250.0T3lM6 Tool length offset cancel tool change No21 G43Z0H31 Initial level tool length offset No22 SIOM3 Spindle start NO23G85G99X800.0Y350.0 Z-153.0R470F50; Positioning, then #ll drilling, point r level return NO24G91Y-200.0K2; Positioning, then #12, 13 drilling, point R level return No25 G28XOYOM5 Reference position return, spindle stop N026G49Z0 Tool length offset cancel NO27 MO: Program stop On the other hand, so far deep hole drilling(gun drilling) has been used more and more widely in injection molds. This method requires a special machine or a deep hole drilling adaptor to another machine, such as a milling machine. The drill operates in a horizontal plane. There are four essential differences from ordinary drilling or milling machines 1)The stroke of the machine( depth of hole)can be considerably larger 2) The drill is supported very close to the work piece, as with a drill jig 3)The cutting edge of the drill is directly, pressure lubricated 4)The drill works in one pass through solid material. It does not require predrilling There are two types of drills, featuring either internal or external chip removal. The external chip removal method is mostly used and is illustrated in Fig. 4-12 C=8 Fig. 4-12: deep hole drilling in cross section 1. Gun Drill material The tip, at the working end of the drill, is made from a tungsten-carbide alloy, which is much harder and longer lasting than high-speed steel. The head is brazed to a long steel tubing, which is held at its other end in the machine chuck. The tip is about 40 mm long when new, the cutting edge can be reground until the length of the remaining head is not long enough to act as a guide within the hole. The shorter the tip the more the risk of wandering 2. Cutting Edge of the Drill The angles of the cutting lips depend on the material to be cut and are about 300 on the short

Z-130.0R-97.0P300F70; Positioning, then #7 drilling, point R level return N016 G98Y-650.0; Positioning, then #8 drilling, initial level return N017 G99X1050.0; Positioning, then #9 drilling, point R level return N018 G98Y-450.0 Positioning, then #10 drilling, initial level return N019 G00X0Y0M5; Reference position return, spindle stop N020 G49Z250.0T31M6; Tool length offset cancel, tool change N021 G43Z0H31; Initial level, tool length offset N022 S10M3; Spindle start N023 G85G99X800.0Y-350.0 Z-153.0R47.0F50; Positioning, then #11 drilling, point R level return N024 G91Y-200.0K2; Positioning, then #12, 13 drilling, point R level return N025 G28X0Y0M5; Reference position return, spindle stop N026 G49Z0; Tool length offset cancel N027 M0; Program stop On the other hand, so far deep hole drilling (gun drilling) has been used more and more widely in injection molds. This method requires a special machine or a deep hole drilling adaptor to another machine, such as a milling machine. The drill operates in a horizontal plane. There are four essential differences from ordinary drilling or milling machines: 1) The stroke of the machine (depth of hole) can be considerably larger. 2) The drill is supported very close to the work piece, as with a drill jig. 3) The cutting edge of the drill is directly, pressure lubricated. 4) The drill works in one pass through solid material. It does not require predrilling. There are two types of drills, featuring either internal or external chip removal. The external chip removal method is mostly used and is illustrated in Fig. 4-12. Fig. 4-12: deep hole drilling in cross section. 1. Gun Drill Material The tip, at the working end of the drill, is made from a tungsten-carbide alloy, which is much harder and longer lasting than high-speed steel. The head is brazed to a long steel tubing, which is held at its other end in the machine chuck. The tip is about 40 mm long when new; the cutting edge can be reground until the length of the remaining head is not long enough to act as a guide within the hole. The shorter the tip, the more the risk of wandering. 2. Cutting Edge of the Drill The angles of the cutting lips depend on the material to be cut and are about 300 on the short