Global Paternsof Hepattis A VirusTransmissionDisease Peak AgeEndemicityRateof InfectionTransmission PatternsHighEarlyLowtoPerson to person;Highchildhoodoutbreaks uncommonModerateHigh LatePerson to person;childhood/food and waterborneyoung adults outbreaksLowLow Young adults Person to person,food and waterborneoutbreaksVery lowVery low AdultsTravelers: outbreaksuncommon石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
Endemicity Disease Rate Peak Age of Infection Transmission Patterns High Low to High Early childhood Person to person; outbreaks uncommon Moderate High Late childhood/ young adults Person to person; food and waterborne outbreaks Low Low Young adults Person to person; food and waterborne outbreaks Very low Very low Adults Travelers; outbreaks uncommon Global Patterns of Hepatitis A Virus Transmission Global Patterns of Hepatitis A Virus Transmission 石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
诊断（Laboratory DiagnosisAcute infection is diagnosed by thedetection of HAV-lgM in serum by EIA Past Infection i.e. immunity isdetermined by the detection of HAV-lgGby EIA石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
诊断 （ Laboratory Diagnosis） Acute infection is diagnosed by the Acute infection is diagnosed by the detection of HAV detection of HAV-IgMIgM in serum by EIA in serum by EIA Past Infection i.e. immunity is Past Infection i.e. immunity is determined by the detection of HAV determined by the detection of HAV-IgGIgG by EIA by EIA 石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
防治原则加强食品卫生管理，水源减毒疫苗株H2株和L1株已投放市场基因工程疫苗也正在研究之中应急预防可用丙种球蛋白石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
防 治 原 则 加 强 食品 卫 生 管理 ， 水 源 加 强 食品 卫 生 管理 ， 水 源 减 毒 疫 苗株 减 毒 疫 苗株 H2H2株 和 株 和 L1L1株 已 投 放 市 场 株 已 投 放 市 场 基 因 工 程疫 苗也 正 在 研究之 中 基 因 工 程疫 苗也 正 在 研究之 中 应 急 预防 可 用 丙 种球 蛋白 应 急 预防 可 用 丙 种球 蛋白 石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
Hepatitis AVaccination StrategiesEpidemiologic Considerations Many cases occur in community-wide outbreak no risk factor identified for most cases- highest attack rates in 5-14 year olds- children serve as reservoir of infectionPersons at increased risk of infection travelershomosexual menI injecting drug users石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
Many cases occur in community Many cases occur in community-wide outbreaks wide outbreaks no risk factor identified for most cases no risk factor identified for most cases highest attack rates in 5 highest attack rates in 5-14 year olds 14 year olds children serve as reservoir of infection children serve as reservoir of infection Persons at increased risk of infection Persons at increased risk of infection travelers travelers homosexual men homosexual men injecting drug users injecting drug users Hepatitis A Vaccination Strategies Hepatitis A Vaccination Strategies Epidemiologic Considerations Epidemiologic Considerations 石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
Hepatitis A Prevention- Immune Globulin Pre-exposure travelers to intermediate and high HAV-endemic regionsPost-exposure (within 14 days)Routine household and other intimate contactsSelected situations institutions (e.g, day care centerscommonsourceexposure (egfood preparedby infctedfoodhandler)石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室
Pre Pre-exposure exposure travelers to intermediate and high HAV-endemic regions endemic regions Post Post-exposure (within 14 days) exposure (within 14 days) Routine Routine household and other intimate contacts household and other intimate contacts Selected situations Selected situations institutions (e.g., day care centers) institutions (e.g., day care centers) common source exposure (e.g., food prepared by infected food common source exposure (e.g., food prepared by infected food handler) handler) Hepatitis A Prevention Hepatitis A Prevention - Immune Globulin Immune Globulin 石河子大学病原生物学与免疫学教研室