《西方报刊贸文章进读》教策 第一果 China in the Market Place 教学目的 1.使学生了解外贸和国际投资领域最基本的概念和术语，从而为日后的学习打 下良好基础。 2. 使学生初步掌握基本的阅读技巧，如总结、浏览和寻找段落的主题句等。 3. 使学生熟悉本课常用的一些练习方式，如翻译、解释、讨论和口头演示等。 4. 使学生掌握与中国经济贸易有关的一些术语。 II. 教学计划 由于是全书第一课，考虑到学生对这类文章比较陌生，因此本课计划用6 小时：介绍背景知识、难点、重点知识、课文串讲等用时4~5小时：讨论、课堂 练习12小时。 . 教学方法 讲解（传授新知识[口授法]）和课堂练习（巩固知识技能[探讨研究法）相结 合。讲解时突出重点、难点。课堂练习要充分调动学生的积极性，其形式和内容 服从教学目的。练习的主要形式是： ■ translation 自 paraphrasing ■ summarizing ■ discussion questions and answers IV. 背景知识： Through reform and opening to the outside world,China entered a new era in the late 1970s.Though the world was then still under the cold war regime,changes did occur in China's foreign trade,both in the commodity structure and in the trading partnership Changes in trade policies: a.trade shifted away from the former Soviet Union and East European countries toward Western countries. b.Emphasis was placed on upgrading domestic industry through introducing foreign technology and attracting foreign direct investment. c.The recognizable trend of these changes was toward trade and investment liberalization. -6
《 西 方 报 刊 贸 文 章 选 读》教案 - 6 - 第一课 China in the Market Place I. 教学目的 1. 使学生了解外贸和国际投资领域最基本的概念和术语，从而为日后的学习打 下良好基础。 2. 使学生初步掌握基本的阅读技巧，如总结、浏览和寻找段落的主题句等。 3. 使学生熟悉本课常用的一些练习方式，如翻译、解释、讨论和口头演示等。 4. 使学生掌握与中国经济贸易有关的一些术语。 II. 教学计划 由于是全书第一课，考虑到学生对这类文章比较陌生，因此本课计划用 6 小时：介绍背景知识、难点、重点知识、课文串讲等用时 4~5 小时；讨论、课堂 练习 1~2 小时。 III. 教学方法 讲解（传授新知识[口授法]）和课堂练习（巩固知识技能[探讨研究法）相结 合。讲解时突出重点、难点。课堂练习要充分调动学生的积极性，其形式和内容 服从教学目的。练习的主要形式是： translation paraphrasing summarizing discussion questions and answers IV. 背景知识： Through reform and opening to the outside world, China entered a new era in the late 1970s. Though the world was then still under the cold war regime, changes did occurinChina’sforeigntrade,bothinthecommoditystructureandinthetrading partnership. Changes in trade policies: a. trade shifted away from the former Soviet Union and East European countries toward Western countries. b.Emphasis was placed on upgrading domestic industry through introducing foreign technology and attracting foreign direct investment. c. The recognizable trend of these changes was toward trade and investment liberalization
《西方报刊贸文章边读》教球 V. 重点讲解： 概念讲解： 资本设备：(capital equipment) 国际收支：(balance of payment) 经常项目(current account) 有形贸易(visible trade) 无形贸易(invisible trade) 资本项目(capital account) 课文讲解： 课本上所列Notes to the Text以及Questions on Content and Language points (for preview,discussion and review)也属重点讲解之列，但在这儿省略。 1. During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country's industrialization program which placed emphasis on the development of heavy industry. 本句中请注意过去分词“required for the country's industrialization program” 作定语，修饰“the capital equipment”;另外，“which”所引导的定语从句修 饰的是“the country's industrialization program”。 译：在20世纪五十年代期间，中国向（前）苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换 取制成品和国家以发展重工业为重的工业化进程中所需的资本设备。 2.The growth of foreign trade was disrupted again during the Cultural Revolution (1966-76)when agricultural and industrial production fell sharply and transportation constraints became more serious. “when”所引导的从句是定语从句而非状语从句，它修饰的是“during the Cultural Revolution”。 译：外贸的发展在文化大革命期间再次被中断，当时工农业生产急剧下降， 交通的制约问题更加严重。 3. Official recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1987 placing undue strain on the national economy. 本句的主干是：“Official recognition.had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1987"."that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy”修饰“Official recognition”;“placing undue strain on the national economy”为现在分词短语，表结果。 译：官方认为外国技术能在中国经济现代化中起重大作用，这使得1987年进 口上升了50%以上，从而给国民经济施加了过重的压力。 -7-
《 西 方 报 刊 贸 文 章 选 读》教案 - 7 - V. 重点讲解： 概念讲解： 资本设备: (capital equipment) 国际收支：(balance of payment) 经常项目(current account) 有形贸易(visible trade) 无形贸易(invisible trade) 资本项目(capital account) 课文讲解： 课本上所列 Notes to the Text 以及 Questions on Content and Language points (for preview, discussion and review)也属重点讲解之列，但在这儿省略。 1. During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment requiredforthecountry’sindustrializationprogramwhichplacedemphasisonthe development of heavy industry. 本句中请注意过去分词“requiredforthecountry’sindustrializationprogram” 作定语，修饰“the capital equipment”；另外，“which”所引导的定语从句修 饰的是“thecountry’sindustrializationprogram”。 译：在 20 世纪五十年代期间，中国向（前）苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换 取制成品和国家以发展重工业为重的工业化进程中所需的资本设备。 2. The growth of foreign trade was disrupted again during the Cultural Revolution (1966—76) when agricultural and industrial production fell sharply and transportation constraints became more serious. “when”所引导的从句是定语从句而非状语从句，它修饰的是“during the Cultural Revolution”。 译：外贸的发展在文化大革命期间再次被中断，当时工农业生产急剧下降， 交通的制约问题更加严重。 3. Official recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1987 placing undue strain on the national economy. 本句的主干是：“Official recognition … hadcausedimportstorisebymore than 50 per cent in 1987”。“that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy”修饰“Official recognition”；“placing undue strain on the national economy” 为现在分词短语，表结果。 译：官方认为外国技术能在中国经济现代化中起重大作用，这使得 1987 年进 口上升了 50%以上，从而给国民经济施加了过重的压力
《西方报刊贸文章选读》教策 4. Chinese officials stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry,but the need is for technology of varying degrees of sophistication,not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West. 请注意“the need is for.,not for..”的结构。“as”所引导的是状语从句， 表示“象.一样”。 译：中国官员强调将先进技术引入到国内工业的重要性，但（中国）所需要 的是不同层次不同尖端程度的技术，而不一定是西方人所理解的先进技术。 5.There are no official statistics covering the invisible account of the balance of payments,but the size of the visible trade surplus during 1981-83 and a pronounced increase in earnings from tourism suggest that the current account has been in surplus over the past few years. “the size of the visible trade surplus..”与“a pronounced increase in earnings..”并列做主语。“that the current account has been in surplus..”为 宾语从句，做“suggest”"的宾语。 译：虽然有关国际收支的无形项目方面没有官方统计数字，但是1981一83 年间的有形贸易顺差量及旅游收益的显著增加表明过去几年来经常项目处于 顺差状态。 6.The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China's determination to introduce foreign technology by means of direct investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substantial sums of money on the international capital markets. 现在分词“confronting a number of developing countries”做定语，修饰“The debt problems"”。注意“to introduce foreign technology by means of..rather than by..”的结构。 译：许多发展中国家所面临的债务问题更坚定了中国通过直接投资和优惠融 资的方式来引进外国技术的决心，而不是通过在国际资本市场筹集大量资金。 7.The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur large amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy,such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints,have been tackled. “The authorities do not consider it appropriate to.”表示“当局认为做某事 是不合适的”。另外注意“util”所引导的时间状语从句。应理解为“直到. 之时”或“在.之前”。 译：当局认为，在经济中的许多如交通网络不足和能源限制等实际瓶颈问题 得以解决之前不宜招致大量外债。 VI 补充练习： 1.translation: 课文第7页第二段“China's cautious approach to foreign borrowing is to be -8-
《 西 方 报 刊 贸 文 章 选 读》教案 - 8 - 4. Chinese officials stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry, but the need is for technology of varying degrees of sophistication, not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West. 请注意“theneedisfor…,notfor…”的结构。“as”所引导的是状语从句， 表示“象…一样”。 译：中国官员强调将先进技术引入到国内工业的重要性，但（中国）所需要 的是不同层次不同尖端程度的技术，而不一定是西方人所理解的先进技术。 5. There are no official statistics covering the invisible account of the balance of payments, but the size of the visible trade surplus during 1981—83 and a pronounced increase in earnings from tourism suggest that the current account has been in surplus over the past few years. “the size of the visible trade surplus…”与“a pronounced increase in earnings…”并列做主语。“that the current account has been in surplus …”为 宾语从句，做“suggest”的宾语。 译：虽然有关国际收支的无形项目方面没有官方统计数字，但是 1981—83 年间的有形贸易顺差量及旅游收益的显著增加表明过去几年来经常项目处于 顺差状态。 6. The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China’sdeterminationtointroduceforeigntechnologybymeansofdirect investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substantial sums of money on the international capital markets. 现在分词“confronting a number of developing countries”做定语，修饰“The debt problems”。注意“tointroduceforeigntechnologybymeansof… ratherthan by…”的结构。 译：许多发展中国家所面临的债务问题更坚定了中国通过直接投资和优惠融 资的方式来引进外国技术的决心，而不是通过在国际资本市场筹集大量资金。 7. The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur large amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy, such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints, have been tackled. “Theauthoritiesdonotconsideritappropriateto…”表示“当局认为做某事 是不合适的”。另外注意“until”所引导的时间状语从句。应理解为“直到… 之时”或“在…之前”。 译：当局认为，在经济中的许多如交通网络不足和能源限制等实际瓶颈问题 得以解决之前不宜招致大量外债。 VI. 补充练习： 1． translation: 课文第 7 页第二段“China’scautiousapproachtoforeignborrowingistobe
《西方报刊贸文章边读》教球 maintained,...also reduces the need to borrow on commercial terms. 2.Paraphrase the following sentences,pay attention to the underlined parts: Grain imports have fallen sharply over the past few years-China became a net grain exporter in 1984... China has borrowed almost US $52 billion from the World Bank and its affiliates. but a substantial proportion of these loans are still to be disbursed. Chinese officials stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry,but the need is for technology of varying degree of sophistication,not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West. 3.Discuss and answer the questions: What specific measures did the Chinese government adopt to encourage foreign direct investment? Why did the Chinese government prefer foreign direct investment to foreign borrowing? -9-
《 西 方 报 刊 贸 文 章 选 读》教案 - 9 - maintained,… alsoreducestheneedtoborrowoncommercialterms.” 2． Paraphrase the following sentences, pay attention to the underlined parts: Grain imports have fallen sharply over the past few years –China became a net grainexporterin1984… China has borrowed almost US $52 billion from the World Bank and its affiliates, but a substantial proportion of these loans are still to be disbursed. Chinese officials stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry, but the need is for technology of varying degree of sophistication, not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West. 3． Discuss and answer the questions: What specific measures did the Chinese government adopt to encourage foreign direct investment? Why did the Chinese government prefer foreign direct investment to foreign borrowing?
《西方报刊贸文章进读》教球 第二课 The Curtain Goes Up 教学目的： 目的之一：通过本文的学习，使学生对我国从1978年党的十一届三中全会始至 1984年十二届三中全会结束这段历史时期我国政府在经济领域里所实行的改革 开放政策及具体做法有所了解，充分认识在这一历史时期内我国改革开放所取得 的成就，从而坚定学生对我国实行改革开放，走有中国特色社会主义道路的信心。 目的之二：通过本文的学习，使学生能够用英语表达相关内容。 Π 教学计划： 由于课文、注解及课后设计的问题讨论长达15页之多，可考虑用7小时左右 完成本文的学习。其中1小时用于背景知识介绍，3小时讲解课文，3小时用于问 题讨论和测验。 III. 教学方法： 用背景知识介绍、串讲课文（包括释义和经贸知识讲解）、归纳要点 及问题讨论结合的方法处理本课文。 V.背景知识： 本文1985年1月3日发表于《远东经济评论》，文章的作者站在外国投资者立 场上审视我国的改革开放、建立经济特区、开放沿海城市、吸引外资等方面的政 策、法规及具体做法。文章一方面对中国的变化及其此为海外投资者带来的巨大 商机进行了阐述，另一方面也记述了海外投资者对我国各种政策、不同的税收 标准以及改革开放中所出现的问题所表现出的困惑和疑虑。 L.改革开放背景介绍：(The overall background against which China launched its economic reform program.) For the two decades from 1958 through 1978,China remained at a standstill.There was little economic growth and not much of a rise in the people's standard of living. That was largely due to the implementation of the left and,occasionally,the ultra-left political line.A case in point was the 'Cultural Revolution'and another was the 'Great Leap Forward.The wrong political line led to the painfully slow development of China's productive forces,the ideological rigidity and the little incentive for people and grass-roots units to take any initiative.Apart from the left political line,China's mechanical copying of the Soviet model and the natural disasters it had gone through in the early 60's,to a lesser extent,contributed to the standstill.As the overwhelming majority of our students are too young to know much about what happened in that -10-
《 西 方 报 刊 贸 文 章 选 读》教案 - 10 - 第二课 The Curtain Goes Up I. 教学目的： 目的之一：通过本文的学习，使学生对我国从 1978年党的十一届三中全会始至 1984年十二届三中全会结束这段历史时期我国政府在经济领域里所实行的改革 开放政策及具体做法有所了解，充分认识在这一历史时期内我国改革开放所取得 的成就，从而坚定学生对我国实行改革开放，走有中国特色社会主义道路的信心。 目的之二：通过本文的学习，使学生能够用英语表达相关内容。 II. 教学计划： 由于课文、注解及课后设计的问题讨论长达15页之多，可考虑用7小时左右 完成本文的学习。 其中1小时用于背景知识介绍，3小时讲解课文，3小时用于问 题讨论和测验。 III. 教学方法： 用背景知识介绍、串讲课文(包括释义和经贸知识讲解 )、 归纳要点 及问题讨论结合的方法处理本课文。 IV. 背景知识： 本文1985年1月3日发表于《远东经济评论》，文章的作者站在外国投资者立 场上审视我国的改革开放、建立经济特区、开放沿海城市、吸引外资等方面的政 策、法规及具体做法。文章一方面对中国的变化及其此为海外投资者带来的巨大 商机进行了阐述，另一方面也记述了海外投资者对我国各种政策 、不同的 税收 标准以及改革开放中所出现的问题所表现出的困惑和疑虑。 1. 改革开放背景介绍： (The overall background against which China launched its economic reform program.) For the two decades from 1958 through 1978, China remained at a standstill. There was little economic growth and not much of a rise in the people's standard of living. That was largely due to the implementation of the left and, occasionally, the ultra-left political line. A case in point was the 'Cultural Revolution ' and another was the 'Great Leap Forward '. The wrong political line led to the painfully slow development of China's productive forces, the ideological rigidity and the little incentive for people and grass-roots units to take any initiative. Apart from the left political line, China's mechanical copying of the Soviet model and the natural disasters it had gone through in the early 60's, to a lesser extent, contributed to the standstill. As the overwhelming majority of our students are too young to know much about what happened in that