ethods ①Bous(25%) short procedures or induction of anesthesia Adults: 2.5-4.5 mg/kg O young children: 5-6 mg/kg ○ elder:2.5-3mg/kg Basal anesthesia for children ●2.5%,15-20mg/kg,im -m--induce sleep in 5 min 05-10%, 44 mg/kg, rectal administration -- induce sleep in 10-15 min
（二）Methods ① Bolus（2-2.5%） ◆ short procedures or induction of anesthesia ● adults: 2.5-4.5 mg/kg ● young children: 5-6 mg/kg ● elder: 2.5-3 mg/kg ◆ Basal anesthesia for children : ● 2.5%, 15-20 mg/kg, i.m ---- induce sleep in 5 min ● 5-10%, 44 mg/kg, rectal administration ---- induce sleep in 10-15 min
Q intermittent injection 首次3-5ml,递增5-10m,意识消失,睫毛反射 消失,疼痛刺激无反应,开始手术 ●每2-3分钟,注药1-2m ●成人总量≤0.5g,最大剂量0.75-1.0g
② intermittent injection ●首次3-5ml，递增5-10ml，意识消失，睫毛反射 消失，疼痛刺激无反应，开始手术 ● 每2-3分钟，注药1-2ml ● 成人总量≤0.5g，最大剂量0.75-1.0g
● Continuous infusion ●辅助麻醉,解痉、控制惊厥 ●0.1%-0.5%,20-100滴/分钟滴注 ●蓄积、中毒
③ Continuous infusion ● 辅助麻醉，解痉、控制惊厥 ● 0.1%-0.5%，20-100滴/分钟滴注 ● 蓄积、中毒
(三)适应证与禁忌证 ●()全麻诱导:较吸人麻醉舒适,诱导迅速,是 临床常用的麻醉诱导方法 s(2)短小手术:如体表脓肿切开引流术、烧伤换 药及心脏电复律等,有镇痛不全及呼吸抑制等 并发症,现已少用 ●(3)控制痉挛和惊厥:如局麻药严重毒性反应所 引起的惊厥 ●(4)其他麻醉方法的辅助麻醉等
(三)适应证与禁忌证 (1)全麻诱导：较吸人麻醉舒适，诱导迅速，是 临床常用的麻醉诱导方法 (2)短小手术：如体表脓肿切开引流术、烧伤换 药及心脏电复律等，有镇痛不全及呼吸抑制等 并发症，现已少用 (3)控制痉挛和惊厥：如局麻药严重毒性反应所 引起的惊厥 (4)其他麻醉方法的辅助麻醉等
indications ○ Induction ○ Maintenance ○ Basal narcosis TReatment of status epilepticus and convulsion O Assistant of other anesthesia O Reduction of intracranial pressure
Indications ● Induction ● Maintenance ● Basal narcosis ●Treatment of status epilepticus and convulsion ● Assistant of other anesthesia ● Reduction of intracranial pressure