Despite enjoying these technical advances. the Chinese intentionally abandoned oceanic exploration in 1433.The political winds had changed,and the cost of the “reverse tribute”system was judged too great.In all,until late in the twentieth century, the Chinese made very few contributions to our understanding of the the ocean.Still, their voyaging technology filtered into the West and made subsequent discoveries possible
▪ Despite enjoying these technical advances, the Chinese intentionally abandoned oceanic exploration in 1433. The political winds had changed, and the cost of the “reverse tribute” system was judged too great. In all, until late in the twentieth century, the Chinese made very few contributions to our understanding of the the ocean. Still, their voyaging technology filtered into the West and made subsequent discoveries possible
Prince Henry established a center of marine science in the mid-1400s 150co0r1520 /anography-bruoscolecom/n 0 FIGURE 1.16 (a)Ferdinand Magellin,a Portuguese navigator in serv ice to Spain whose expedition was first to circumnavigate the world (b)Track of the Magellan expedition,the first voyage aruund the world. Magellan himself did not survive the voyage;only 34 out of 260 sailors managed to retum after three years of dangerous travel
Prince Henry established a center of marine science in the mid-1400s
Laws of the Sea 1703,a country's seaward boundary was set at about 5 km. -In April 1982,the United Nations adopted the convention by a vote of 130 to 4,with 17 abstentions. -Territorial waters 12 miles from shore. A nation has the right to jurisdiction Exclusive economic zone (EEZ)370km from shoreline.Nations hold sovereignty over resources,economic activities. -High seas outside the EEZs
Laws of the Sea ▪ 1703, a country’s seaward boundary was set at about 5 km. ▪ In April 1982, the United Nations adopted the convention by a vote of 130 to 4, with 17 abstentions. ▪ Territorial waters 12 miles from shore. A nation has the right to jurisdiction ▪ Exclusive economic zone (EEZ) 370km from shoreline. Nations hold sovereignty over resources, economic activities. ▪ High seas outside the EEZs
·中国国家海洋局（青岛海洋所，厦门海洋所，杭 州海洋所） ·中国科学院海洋研究所，广州海洋所 ·同济大学 华东师范大学 ·青岛海洋大学
▪ 中国国家海洋局 (青岛海洋所,厦门海洋所,杭 州海洋所) ▪ 中国科学院海洋研究所,广州海洋所 ▪ 同济大学 ▪ 华东师范大学 ▪ 青岛海洋大学
第一节海岸地貌 12.1 Coastal Landforms
第一节 海岸地貌 12.1 Coastal Landforms