Transboundary river basins of the world 263 international river basins cover 45%of earth's surface 145 international treaties since 1814 established to deal with some non-navigational use aspect 12 states have more than 95%of their territory within one or more transboundary basin(s) Global Figures on Transboundary Waters 148 countries include territory within one or more transboundary river basins 39 countries have more than 90%of their territory within one or more transboundary river basins 21 lie entirely within one or more of these watersheds There are numerous examples where transboundary waters have proved to be a source of cooperation rather than conflict
◆263 international river basins cover 45% of earth’s surface ◆145 international treaties since 1814 established to deal with some non-navigational use aspect ◆12 states have more than 95% of their territory within one or more transboundary basin(s) Transboundary river basins of the world
Transboundary river basins of the world 64 46 60 68 38 Africa North America Asia Europe South America
Transboundary river basins of the world
Current water stress in major river basins of the world Huang-Ho (Yellow) Basin,China Key Low WSI <0.3 03-0.4 04-05 0.5.0. 898 7 898 Orange River Basin. High WSI >=1 Africa Murray-Darling Bas No discharge Australia Major river basins As demands for water escalate,water-stressed river basins will increase in both number and severity Source:V.Smakhtin,C.Revenga and P Doll.2004
Current water stress in major river basins of the world As demands for water escalate, water-stressed river basins will increase in both number and severity Source: V. Smakhtin, C. Revenga and P. Döll. 2004
cloud forme EVAPORATION Human-induced changes to the flow of water, either on the surface or underground,potentially cause changes in other parts of the inland water system. Hydrological cycle
Human-induced changes to the flow of water, either on the surface or underground, potentially cause changes in other parts of the inland water system. Hydrological cycle
The world'stransboundary rivers and aquifers Transboundary river basins Transboundary aquifers* Number area in international Number basins Africa 59 62 40 Asia 57 40 70 Europe 69 55 89 North and Central America 40 37 41 South America 38 59 29 Total (global) 263 48 269 *Data on areas of transboundary aquifers are limited,and only available for selected aquifers. Sources:International river basins from Wolf et al.(1999)and updated in 2002; international aquifers from UNESCO(2009)
The world’stransboundary rivers and aquifers Sources: International river basins from Wolf et al. (1999) and updated in 2002; international aquifers from UNESCO (2009)