(3)现代物理向高分子物理的渗透1965 de gennes和 Edwards的蛇行( reptation)理 论,标度概念( scaling concept) 高分子物理已成为现代凝聚态物理的重要分支 软凝聚态物理( soft condensed matter)、软 物质( soft matter)或复杂流体( complex fluids)
(3). ⧠ԓ⢙⨶ੁ儈࠶ᆀ⢙⨶Ⲵ⑇䘿 1965- de Gennes ઼ EdwardsⲴ㳷㹼(reptation)⨶ 䇪, ḷᓖᾲᘥ(scaling concept) 儈࠶ᆀ⢙⨶ᐢᡀѪ⧠ԓࠍ㚊ᘱ⢙⨶Ⲵ䟽㾱࠶᭟ -䖟ࠍ㚊ᘱ⢙⨶(soft condensed matter)ǃ䖟 ⢙䍘(soft matter)ᡆ༽ᵲ⍱փ(complex fluids)26
3 Unique Features of Polymers (1) Large Spatial Extent 000 N>>1 合成高分子N-102-104 天然高分子N109-1010DNA、RNA, Protein, Polydispersity
27 3 Unique Features of Polymers N>>1 ਸᡀ儈࠶ᆀ N~102 -104 ཙ❦儈࠶ᆀ N~109 -1010 DNAǃRNAˈProtein,… (1) Large Spatial Extent Polydispersity
8 entanglements/chain --------- A Molecular weight
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The Mean Size of a Polymer Chain Root Mean square of end-to-end distance 上1 (h)=NP+2(∑∑7)=M Mas R 万=√F)=N"2 Radius of gyration v0.5 Ideal Chain-Random Walk Chain R~h≈CN"l v=0.6 Real Chain-Self-avoiding Chain Unperturbed Chain Freely Jointed Chain and Kuhn segment l 2 R h2)/6=L·L/6 L: Contour Length of a Chain
The Mean Size of a Polymer Chain 29 R h CN l ~ Q | Freely Jointed Chain and Kuhn Segment l e 2 2 0 0 /6 /6 R h Ll e Unperturbed Chain: Q=0.5 Ideal ChainˉRandom Walk Chain Q=0.6 Real ChainˉSelf-avoiding Chain 1 22 2 1 1 2 N N i j i ji h Nl Nl ¦ ¦ r r Root Mean Square of end-to-end Distance L: Contour Length of a Chain 2 1/2 h h Nl | Radius of gyration
DNA RNA virus 血凝素(简称HA蛋白) H蛋白可以使病毒附着在生物 细胞的 使其感染 OSERRPACBEE 神经氨酸酶(简称N蛋白 高流感病毒基因组由 N蛋白会破坏细胞的受体,使 链的单链RNA 病毒在宿主体内自 禽流感病毒H5N1中 蛋白已发现16种 N蛋白已发现9种类 基质蛋白层
DNA, RNA & Virus 30