8-2 Trickling Filters The depth of the rock packing ranges from 0.9 to 2.5 m and averages 1.8 m. Rock filter beds are usually circular, and the liquid wastewater is distributed over the top of the bed by a rotary distributor
8-2 Trickling Filters The depth of the rock packing ranges from 0.9 to 2.5 m and averages 1.8 m. Rock filter beds are usually circular, and the liquid wastewater is distributed over the top of the bed by a rotary distributor
Trickling filters that use plastic packing have been built in round, square, and other shapes with depths varying from 4 to 12 m In addition to the packing, other components of the trickling filter include a wastewater dosing or application system,an underdrain. and a structure to contain the packing. The underdrain system is important both for collecting the trickling filter effluent liquid and as a porous structure through which air can circulate
Trickling filters that use plastic packing have been built in round, square, and other shapes with depths varying from 4 to 12 m. In addition to the packing, other components of the trickling filter include a wastewater dosing or application system, an underdrain, and a structure to contain the packing. The underdrain system is important both for collecting the trickling filter effluent liquid and as a porous structure through which air can circulate
In practice, a portion of the liquid collected in the underdrain system or the settled effluent is recycled to the trickling filter feed flow, usually to dilute the strength of the incoming wastewater and to maintain enough wetting to keep the biological slime layer moist
In practice, a portion of the liquid collected in the underdrain system or the settled effluent is recycled to the trickling filter feed flow, usually to dilute the strength of the incoming wastewater and to maintain enough wetting to keep the biological slime layer moist
Distributor arms extend across the trickling filter inner diameter and have variable openings to provide a uniform application rate per unit area. The distributor arms are rotated by the force of the water exiting through their opening or by the use of electric drives In some cases, especially for square or rectangular filters, fixed flat-spray nozzles have been used
Distributor arms extend across the trickling filter inner diameter and have variable openings to provide a uniform application rate per unit area. The distributor arms are rotated by the force of the water exiting through their opening or by the use of electric drives. In some cases, especially for square or rectangular filters, fixed flat-spray nozzles have been used
Primary clarification is necessary before rock trickling filters In some installations a wire-mesh screen is placed over the top of plastic packing to collect debris that can be vacuumed off periodically. The biological community in the filter includes aerobic and facultative bacteria fungi, algae, and protozoans. Higher animals. such as worms. insect larvae. and snails are also present
Primary clarification is necessary before rock trickling filters. In some installations, a wire-mesh screen is placed over the top of plastic packing to collect debris that can be vacuumed off periodically. The biological community in the filter includes aerobic and facultative bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoans. Higher animals, such as worms, insect larvae, and snails, are also present