Unit 8 Teaching plan Time allotment Period 2 Period3 Period 4 Pre-reading Detailed read ing Detailed reading Section B Global read ing Post-readin Section a Legal and moral Implications of Cloning Teaching objectives 1. help the Ss to understand the main idea and grasp the structure of the text; 2. help Ss to grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text 3. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities centered upon the theme of the unit Background information 1. Cloning: The process of making a genetically identical organism through nonsexual means 2. Bill Clinton: the 42nd President of the United States(1993-2001) 3.DNA:( deoxyribonucleic acid脱氧核糖核酸) the chemical at the center of the cells of living things which controls the structure and purpose of each cell and carries genetic information during reproduction Pre-reading: Questions Answers 1. From a medical stand point, what are the positive and negative effects of human a social and moral stand point, do you think cloning would be a good thing for hu 3. What is your opinion of genetic engineering, i.e. the deliberate altering of genes to create human beings according to certain requirements? Glo bal reading l. Text analysis: Main Idea and devices for Developing It Main idea of the text: When a world with human clones was suddenly within reach people's reactions to it were strong and varied. They puzzled over a number of questions about the legal and moral implications that had arisen from cloning Devices for developing it Listing(列举法) pee n the main part(the third part)of the passage, the author lists as many as 6 zles on the issue of cloning Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place?(Para. 4) Will it be possible to clone the dead?(Para. 6) Would a cloned human be identical to the original?(Para. 8) What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs? (Para. 11) How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA?(Para. 14)
Unit 8 Teaching Plan Time Allotment Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Pre-reading Global reading Detailed reading Detailed reading Post-reading Section B Section A Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning Teaching objectives: 1. help the Ss to understand the main idea and grasp the structure of the text; 2. help Ss to grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; 3. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities centered upon the theme of the unit Background information: 1. Cloning: The process of making a genetically identical organism through nonsexual means. 2. Bill Clinton: the 42nd President of the United States (1993-2001). 3. DNA: (deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸) the chemical at the center of the cells of living things which controls the structure and purpose of each cell and carries genetic information during reproduction. Pre-reading: Questions & Answers 1. From a medical standpoint, what are the positive and negative effects of human cloning? 2. From a social and moral standpoint, do you think cloning would be a good thing for humans? 3. What is your opinion of genetic engineering, i.e. the deliberate altering of genes to create human beings according to certain requirements? Global reading 1. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Main idea of the text: When a world with human clones was suddenly within reach, people’s reactions to it were strong and varied. They puzzled over a number of questions about the legal and moral implications that had arisen from cloning. Devices for developing it: Listing(列举法): In the main part (the third part) of the passage, the author lists as many as 6 puzzles on the issue of cloning. Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place? (Para. 4) Will it be possible to clone the dead? (Para. 6) Would a cloned human be identical to the original? (Para. 8) What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs?(Para. 11) How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA? (Para. 14)
What are the other implications of cloning for society?(Para. 17 Discussion(讨论法): The author deals with the6 common puzzles by offering different opinions from different experts through the device of discussion Puzzle 1: Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place?(Para. 4) Discussion: Most experts consider the human cloning falls into two broad categories 1) parents clone a child to provide transplants for a dying child or to replace that child, and 2)adults might want to clone themselves. (Para. 5) Puzzle 2: Will it be possible to clone the dead?(Para. 6) Discussion: Perhaps, if the body is fresh, says one expert. The cloning method used by Wilmut's lab requires combining an egg cell with the nucleus of a cell containing the dna of the person to be cloned. And that means that the nucleus must be intact ells die and the cell nucleus begins to break apart after death. But, yes, in theory at least it might be possible. (Para. 7) Puzzle 3: Would a cloned human be identical to the original?(Para. 8) Discussion: Most of the physical differences between orig inals and copies are so minor that detection of them would require a sophisticated laboratory. The only possible exception is bearing children. Wilmut and his coworkers are not sure that Dolly will be able to have lambs. They will try to find out once she s old enough to Puzzle 4a: What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs?(Para Discussion: Most experts agree that it would be psychologically harmful if a child sensed he had been brought into the world simply as an organ donor. But some parents already produce second children with nonfatal transplants in mind, and many experts do not oppose this Cloning would increase the chances for a tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100 percent.(Para. 12) Puzzle 4b: What if cloned animals could be used as organ donors?(Para. 13) Discussion:. But the human body attacks and destroys tissue from other species. To get around that, one company is try ing to alter the pigs genetic code to prevent pig organs from be ing attacked. If the companys technicians succeed, it may be more efficient to produce such pigs by cloning than by current methods. ( Para. 13) Puzzle 5: How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA? (Para. 14) Discussion:.Judith Martin, in her writings under the name of "Miss Manners suggests the phrase, Most honored sir or madam. Why? One should always respect one's ancestors, " she says, " regardless of what they did to bring one into the world he editorial director of one dictionary says that the noun"clonee"may sound like a good term, but it's not clear enough. Instead, he prefers"original"and copy".(Paras. 15-16) Puzzle 6: What are the other implications of cloning for society?(Para. 17) Discussion:. Specifically, some experts are concerned about the creation of a new (and disrespected )social class: the clones". One expert believes the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 16th century, when Europeans puzzled over how to classify the unfamiliar inhabitants of the americas, and end lessly debated
What are the other implications of cloning for society? (Para. 17) Discussion(讨论法): The author deals with the 6 common puzzles by offering different opinions from different experts through the device of discussion. Puzzle 1: Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place? (Para. 4) Discussion: Most experts consider the human cloning falls into two broad categories: 1) parents clone a child to provide transplants for a dying child or to replace that child, and 2) adults might want to clone themselves. (Para. 5) Puzzle 2: Will it be possible to clone the dead? (Para. 6) Discussion: Perhaps, if the body is fresh, says one expert. The cloning method used by Wilmut’s lab requires combining an egg cell with the nucleus of a cell containing the DNA of the person to be cloned. And that means that the nucleus must be intact. Cells die and the cell nucleus begins to break apart after death. But, yes, in theory at least it might be possible. (Para. 7) Puzzle 3: Would a cloned human be identical to the original? (Para. 8) Discussion: Most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so minor that detection of them would require a sophisticated laboratory. The only possible exception is bearing children. Wilmut and his coworkers are not sure that Dolly will be able to have lambs.They will try to find out once she’s old enough to breed. (Para. 10) Puzzle 4a: What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs? (Para. 11) Discussion: Most experts agree that it would be psychologically harmful if a child sensed he had been brought into the world simply as an organ donor. But some parents already produce second children with nonfatal transplants in mind, and many experts do not oppose this. Cloning would increase the chances for a tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100 percent. (Para. 12) Puzzle 4b: What if cloned animals could be used as organ donors? (Para. 13) Discussion: …But the human body attacks and destroys tissue from other species. To get around that, one company is trying to alter the pig’s genetic code to prevent pig organs from being attacked. If the company’s technicians succeed, it may be more efficient to produce such pigs by cloning than by current methods. (Para. 13) Puzzle 5: How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA? (Para. 14) Discussion: …Judith Martin, in her writings under the name of “Miss Manners”, suggests the phrase, “Most honored sir or madam”. Why? “One should always respect one’s ancestors,” she says, “regardless of what they did to bring one into the world.”…The editorial director of one dictionary says that the noun “clonee” may sound like a good term, but it’s not clear enough. Instead, he prefers “original” and “copy”. (Paras. 15-16) Puzzle 6: What are the other implications of cloning for society? (Para. 17) Discussion: …Specifically, some experts are concerned about the creation of a new (and disrespected) social class: “the clones”. One expert believes the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 16th century, when Europeans puzzled over how to classify the unfamiliar inhabitants of the Americas, and endlessly debated
whether or not they were humans.(Para. 18) 2. Structure Analysis Part I(Para. 1): With the success of cloning an adult mammal, the world was suddenly brought into the reality of human cloning Devices for developing it: Induction(归纳法)(Para.1) Specific statements: S1-5 of Para. 1+ Conclusion: S 6 of Para. 1 Part II(Paras. 2-3): This part is about the world's strong and immediate responses in the wake of wilmut's announcement Devices for developing it: Exemplification(举例法)Para.2 Comparison(比较法)Para.3 Part Ill(Paras. 4-18): This part offers complete or partial answers, from the up-to-date knowled ge, to the six questions on the legal and moral implications of cloning Devices for developing it Classification(分类法), Comparison(比较法, Argumentation(议论法) Part IV(Para. 19): This part is intended to reaffirm the author's opinion that although the list of questions could go on, people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning Devices for developing i: Reiteration(重申法) Detailed reading: expressions patterns 1. word that../of..关于……的消息 Word of his sexual scandal has been spread fast on the streets 2. to succeed in( doing)sth成功地做了某事 If they succeed in establishing a cease-fire, the uN will send in peace-keeping forces 3. to work for适用于;为……工作 Chinas successful experience in economical development may work for most of the developin 4. within(one's) reach在伸手能及的范围以内,近的;方便到达 Rather than choose an ambitious goal beyond his reach, he would choose a goal within his reach 5. to come to life活跃起来,表现生动 The dull play really came to life through the performance of these young people 6. in the wake of随着,紧跟着 Human societies have to suffer one d isaster after another that follows in the wake of the ecological d 7. to draft guidelines for为……起草指导方针 She was busy drafting her speech for next month's speech contest 8. in the first place首先;起初;其一 It is unwise to love at first sight. In the first place you know little about each other and in the second it is hard for such love to last long 9. to fall into可分成;属于 Things of a kind come together; people of a mind fall into a group 10. to break apart分裂瓦解 The fortress is most liable to break apart from within 11. in theory在理论上 Your plan for seek ing happiness sounds fine in theory but I dont know if itll work
whether or not they were humans. (Para. 18) 2. Structure Analysis Part I (Para. 1): With the success of cloning an adult mammal, the world was suddenly brought into the reality of human cloning. Devices for developing it: Induction (归纳法) (Para. 1) Specific statements: S.1-5 of Para. 1 + Conclusion: S. 6 of Para. 1 Part II (Paras. 2-3): This part is about the world’s strong and immediate responses in the wake of Wilmut’s announcement. Devices for developing it: Exemplification (举例法) Para. 2 Comparison (比较法) Para. 3 Part III (Paras. 4-18): This part offers complete or partial answers, from the up-to-date knowledge, to the six questions on the legal and moral implications of cloning. Devices for developing it: Classification (分类法), Comparison (比较法), Argumentation (议论法). Part IV (Para. 19): This part is intended to reaffirm the author’s opinion that, although the list of questions could go on, people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning. Devices for developing it: Reiteration（重申法） Detailed reading: expressions & patterns 1. word that…/of…关于······的消息 Word of his sexual scandal has been spread fast on the streets. 2. to succeed in (doing) sth. 成功地做了某事 If they succeed in establishing a cease-fire, the UN will send in peace-keeping forces. 3. to work for 适用于；为······工作 China’s successful experience in economical development may work for most of the developing countries. 4. within (one’s) reach 在伸手能及的范围以内，近的；方便到达 Rather than choose an ambitious goal beyond his reach, he would choose a goal within his reach. 5. to come to life 活跃起来，表现生动 The dull play really came to life through the performance of these young people. 6. in the wake of 随着，紧跟着 Human societies have to suffer one disaster after another that follows in the wake of the ecological damage. 7. to draft guidelines for 为······起草指导方针 She was busy drafting her speech for next month’s speech contest. 8. in the first place 首先；起初；其一 It is unwise to love at first sight. In the first place you know little about each other and in the second it is hard for such love to last long. 9. to fall into 可分成；属于 Things of a kind come together; people of a mind fall into a group. 10. to break apart 分裂瓦解 The fortress is most liable to break apart from within. 11. in theory 在理论上 Your plan for seeking happiness sounds fine in theory, but I don’t know if it’ll work in
12. to be identical towith.与…一模一样;就等于 His indulgence in online love affairs is identical to neglecting his stud ie in terms of从……方面(来说);根据;按照 He thinks of everything in terms of money 14. What if.?要是……怎么办/怎么样 Don' t get involved in love games too early. What if you suffer from failure in love? 15. to bring sth./sb. into the world生产;生(孩子) Since the electric bulb was brought into the world mankind has been freed from his dependence on oil lamp or candle for light at night 16. with sth. in mind出于……目的;考虑到某事 Failure is the mother of success With this in mind he began to take a new look at the failure in this experiment 17. to get around/round克服;回避 She is trying to get round this tricky problem by changing the subject 18. to give birth to sb.sth.生(孩子);产(仔) Our joint efforts finally gave birth to an effective solution to the probler 19. regardless of不顾,不管 Those who, regardless of objective cond itions, act as they think fit are less likely to 20. to leave confusion over留下难题,迷惑 The teacher's explicit explanation left the students no confusion over that abstract theory 21. to be concerned about/over担心,担忧 He has never been concerned about what others think of him 22. to be comparable to/with可与……相比;类似于 In the eyes of some people, love is comparable to a maze, full of lures and traps 23. to puzzle over努力思考 He puzzled over the problem for hours, without making head or tail of it 24. to wonder about对…好奇;想知道;对……疑惑 I keep wondering about why some people can reap without sowing l. Typical patterns for advancing one's arguments 1)a]: If cloned animals could be used as organ donors, we wouldnt have to worry about cloning twins for transplants. L. 48) Pattern: If sb / sth could be/do sth. we wouldnt have to worry about(doing) sth. else If everyone could real ize natural resources are not inexhaustible, we wouldnt have to worry about any blind exploitation of them If we can develop a strong sense of responsibil ity for society in the course of our college studies, our elder generations wont have to worry about the future of China 2)原句:“ One should always respect one' s ancestors,” she says,“ regardless of what they did to bring one into the world".(L 59) Pattern: Sb. should always do sth. regardless of what /how sb /sb. else does did Regard less of whatever you do, you should always adhere to the truth--no gains without pains
practice. 12. to be identical to/with . 与······一模一样；就等于 His indulgence in online love affairs is identical to neglecting his studies. 13. in terms of 从······方面（来说）； 根据；按照 He thinks of everything in terms of money. 14. What if…? 要是······怎么办 / 怎么样？ Don’t get involved in love games too early. What if you suffer from failure in love? 15. to bring sth./sb. into the world 生产；生（孩子） Since the electric bulb was brought into the world, mankind has been freed from his dependence on oil lamp or candle for light at night. 16. with sth. in mind 出于······目的; 考虑到某事 Failure is the mother of success. With this in mind, he began to take a new look at the failure in this experiment. 17. to get around/round 克服; 回避 She is trying to get round this tricky problem by changing the subject. 18. to give birth to sb./sth. 生(孩子)；产(仔) Our joint efforts finally gave birth to an effective solution to the problem. 19. regardless of 不顾，不管 Those who, regardless of objective conditions, act as they think fit are less likely to succeed. 20. to leave confusion over 留下难题，迷惑 The teacher’s explicit explanation left the students no confusion over that abstract theory. 21. to be concerned about/over 担心，担忧 He has never been concerned about what others think of him. 22. to be comparable to/with 可与······相比；类似于 In the eyes of some people, love is comparable to a maze, full of lures and traps. 23. to puzzle over 努力思考 He puzzled over the problem for hours, without making head or tail of it. 24. to wonder about 对······好奇；想知道；对······疑惑 I keep wondering about why some people can reap without sowing. 1. Typical patterns for advancing one’s arguments 1)原句: If cloned animals could be used as organ donors, we wouldn’t have to worry about cloning twins for transplants. (L. 48) Pattern: If sb. / sth. could be / do sth., we wouldn’t have to worry about (doing) sth. else. · If everyone could realize natural resources are not inexhaustible, we wouldn’t have to worry about any blind exploitation of them. If we can develop a strong sense of responsibility for society in the course of our college studies, our elder generations won’t have to worry about the future of China. 2)原句: “One should always respect one’s ancestors,” she says, “regardless of what they did to bring one into the world”. (L. 59) Pattern: Sb. should always do sth. regardless of what / how sb. / sb. else does / did… · Regardless of whatever you do, you should always adhere to the truth—no gains without pains
Regardless of how highly people think of you, you should always keep in mind that modesty helps one make progress while conceit makes one lag behind 2. Typical patterns for comparison and contrast 1)a: Like the Theory of Relativity the splitting of the atom, and the first space flight, Dolly's appearance has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientist politicians, and philosophers. ( L. 11) Pattern: Like sth else, the appearance arrival / birth /invention of sth. new produces/ makes. Like any other wars in history, the Iraq war has generated a long list of difficult postwar problems for the world Like other landmark inventions in the history of science, the birth of computer has made enormous differences to the way people study, live and even see the world 2)a]: One expert bel ieves the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 1 6th century.(L. 68) Sb. believes/thinks /agrees /argues sth /sb. could(couldnt) be comparable similar to sth /sb. else Many young people argue that love could be comparable to a vast expanse of water which either nurtures your heart or floods your reasons The philosophers believe that the sorrow of separation could be comparable to turmoil, which can neither be severed by scissors nor sorted out within reason 3. Typical patterns for showing sb.s reactions to sth Ra: In the wake of Wilmut's announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown, a future filled with incredible possibilities. (L 6 Pattern: In the wake of sth sb hurries/ begins to . In the wake of that failure, he hurried to look for chances of reproving himself. In the wake of that successful exchange with foreigners, she began to become more conscious of the importance of English in cultural exchanges with foreign countries Post-reading 1. Essay summary (P. 225) 2. writing Views on cloning 有人认为克隆技术的应用利大于弊,理由是 也有人认为弊大于利 我的看法 3. Finish the exercises
Regardless of how highly people think of you, you should always keep in mind that modesty helps one make progress while conceit makes one lag behind. 2. Typical patterns for comparison and contrast 1) 原句:Like the Theory of Relativity, the splitting of the atom, and the first space flight, Dolly’s appearance has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists, politicians, and philosophers. (L. 11) Pattern: Like sth. else, the appearance / arrival / birth / invention of sth. new generates / produces / makes… Like any other wars in history, the Iraq war has generated a long list of difficult postwar problems for the world. Like other landmark inventions in the history of science, the birth of computer has made enormous differences to the way people study, live and even see the world. 2)原句: One expert believes the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 16th century. (L. 68) Sb. believes / thinks / agrees / argues sth. / sb. could (couldn’t) be comparable / similar to sth. / sb. else. Many young people argue that love could be comparable to a vast expanse of water, which either nurtures your heart or floods your reasons. The philosophers believe that the sorrow of separation could be comparable to a turmoil, which can neither be severed by scissors nor sorted out within reason. 3. Typical patterns for showing sb.’s reactions to sth. 原句:In the wake of Wilmut’s announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown, a future filled with incredible possibilities. (L. 6) Pattern: In the wake of sth., sb. hurries / begins to… In the wake of that failure, he hurried to look for chances of reproving himself. In the wake of that successful exchange with foreigners, she began to become more conscious of the importance of English in cultural exchanges with foreign countries. Post-reading: 1. Essay summary (P. 225) 2. Writing: Views on Cloning 有人认为克隆技术的应用利大于弊，理由是······ 也有人认为弊大于利，······ 我的看法。 3. Finish the exercises