体征( signs) 表现为各种类型的混浊,形态多样, 完仝混浊的晶体,白瞳症是最明显 的体征,而在此之前受白内障种类 及程度的影响,瞳孔区可呈现灰白 色、淡黄、棕色等色调
体征(signs) • 表现为各种类型的混浊，形态多样， 完全混浊的晶体，白瞳症是最明显 的体征，而在此之前受白内障种类 及程度的影响，瞳孔区可呈现灰白 色、淡黄、棕色等色调
1.皮质性白内障( cortical cataract):最为常 见。按其发展过程分为4期 It is the most common type of senile cataract according to the development; it is divided into 4 stages (1)初期( Incipient stage):晶体皮质内出现 空泡、水裂和板层分离。空泡为圆形透明 小泡,位于前后皮质中央部或晶状体缝附 近。水裂的形态不一,从周边向中央逐渐 扩大。板层分离多在皮质深层,呈羽毛状。 楔形混浊常见。位于前后皮质,尖端向着 晶体中心,基底位于赤道部
• 1. 皮质性白内障（cortical cataract): 最为常 见。按其发展过程分为4期。 • It is the most common type of senile cataract, according to the development; it is divided into 4 stages. • (1) 初期（incipient stage): 晶体皮质内出现 空泡、水裂和板层分离。空泡为圆形透明 小泡，位于前后皮质中央部或晶状体缝附 近。水裂的形态不一，从周边向中央逐渐 扩大。板层分离多在皮质深层，呈羽毛状。 楔形混浊常见。位于前后皮质，尖端向着 晶体中心，基底位于赤道部
Cuneiform opacity appears at the periphery of anterior and posterior cortex, its base is at the equator, its tip towards the center, often occurring at lower part, then similar opacity occurs at bilateral and upper parts, then forms wheel-like opaque. The pupillary area is not affected, commonly without blurred vision The early phenomenon is separation of lens fibrous lamina like feather. sometimes vacuole appears
• Cuneiform opacity appears at the periphery of anterior and posterior cortex, its base is at the equator, its tip towards the center, often occurring at lower part, then similar opacity occurs at bilateral and upper parts, then forms wheel-like opaque. The pupillary area is not affected, commonly without blurred vision. The early phenomenon is separation of lens fibrous lamina like feather, sometimes vacuole appears
(2)未熟期( Immature stage ):又称膨胀期 Intumescent。晶体混浊继续加重时,渗 透压改变,在短期内有许多水分积聚,晶 体急剧肿胀,体积变大,将虹膜向前推移 前房变浅,可诱发急性闭角型青光眼。晶 体呈不均匀的灰白色混浊,视力明显减低。 The opacity gradually becomes obvious, the cortex absorbs water to swollen. Lens volume increases to push iris forward and the anterior chamber shallows, and may induce acute attack of glaucom
• (2) 未熟期（immature stage)：又称膨胀期 (intumescent)。晶体混浊继续加重时，渗 透压改变，在短期内有许多水分积聚，晶 体急剧肿胀，体积变大，将虹膜向前推移， 前房变浅，可诱发急性闭角型青光眼。晶 体呈不均匀的灰白色混浊，视力明显减低。 • The opacity gradually becomes obvious, the cortex absorbs water to swollen. Lens volume increases to push iris forward and the anterior chamber shallows, and may induce acute attack of glaucom
(3)成熟期( mature stage):晶体内水分和分 解产物从囊膜逸出,晶体又恢复到原来体积, 前房深度恢复正常。晶体逐渐全部混浊。患 眼视力降至眼前手动或光感。从初发期到成 熟期可经10多个月至数十年不等。 Lens became opaque totally, swelling of the lens diminished. the anterior chamber restored to normal. The fundus can not be seen. vision decreased to light perception or hand movement, but the light seeking and color sensation were in normal
• (3).成熟期（mature stage)：晶体内水分和分 解产物从囊膜逸出，晶体又恢复到原来体积， 前房深度恢复正常。晶体逐渐全部混浊。患 眼视力降至眼前手动或光感。从初发期到成 熟期可经10多个月至数十年不等。 • Lens became opaque totally, swelling of the lens diminished, the anterior chamber restored to normal. The fundus can not be seen, vision decreased to light perception or hand movement, but the light seeking and color sensation were in normal