Second letter of codon U C A G UCU r Uau Tyr UGU Cys UUC UCC Ser UAC Tyr UGC Cys UUA Leu UCA Ser UAA Stop UGA Stop UUG Leu UCG Ser UAG Stop UGG Trp CUU Leu CCU Pro CAU His CGU Arg CUC Leu CCc Pro CAC His CGC Arg C First CUA Leu CCA Pro CAA GIn CGA Arg CUG Leu CCG Pro CAG GInCGG Arg letter of codon AUU Ile ACU Thr AAu Asn AGU Ser AUC Ile ACC Thr AAC Asn AGC Ser (5′end)A AUA Ile ACA Thr AAA LysAGAArg AUG Met ACG Thr AAG LysAGG A GUU Val GCu Ala GAU Asp GGU Gly GUC Val GCC Ala GAC AspGGCGly GUA Val GCA Ala GAA Glu GGA Gly GUG Val GCG Ala GAG GluGGGGly
蛋白质合成的几个要素-转运RNA( transporter) tRNA是氨基酸的转运工具,携带活化的氨基酸到核蛋白体。 tRNA有特异性,至少有20种以上。每种tRNA的反密码环顶端 均有由三个核苷酸组成的反密码,能与mRNA上相应的密码互 补结合。 Amino TyC arm acid arm arm 769 (residues 20 10-25) Anticodon arm Anticodon (b)
蛋白质合成的几个要素- 转运RNA (transporter) n tRNA是氨基酸的转运工具，携带活化的氨基酸到核蛋白体。 n tRNA有特异性，至少有20种以上。每种tRNA的反密码环顶端 均有由三个核苷酸组成的反密码，能与mRNA上相应的密码互 补结合
C Amino acid 5 P TlC ar 5 酪氨酰-tRNA ontains Extra arm D residue not present in AUG 反密码 Wobble GUU UAC ACA 5 3”mRNA 密码( codon)与反密码( anti codon) 的碱基配对
酪 5’ 5’ 3’ AUG GUU UAC ACA 酪氨酰- tRNA 反密码 mRNA 密码(codon)与反密码(anticodon) 的碱基配对
蛋白质合成的几个要素-核糖体, ribosome ■核糖体(或称核糖核蛋白体)由蛋白质和rRNA组成。是 存在于细胞质内的微小颗粒。 21 nm
蛋白质合成的几个要素-核糖体，ribosome n 核糖体（或称核糖核蛋白体）由蛋白质和rRNA组成。是 存在于细胞质内的微小颗粒
Bacteri ribosome Eukaryotic ribosome 27×10° 80sM,42×10 50S 60s The r ibosome composition of M,28×10 prokaryon ic and SrRNA M.1.8x10H eukaryotic cel l (120 nucleotides) 28SrRNA 5srRNA [1, 700 nucleotides) (120 nucleotides 5. 8SrRNA 23SrRNA (160 nucleotides (3 200 nucleotides) 19 proteins 86 proteins 30S s M,0.9×10y M,14×10 16SrRNA I8SrRNA (1, 540 nucleotides) (b) (1,900 nucleotides 21 proteins 33 proteins
The ribosome composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell