10,11羧酸的分类 (Classification 引按烃基分类 饱和脂肪酸 脂肪酸 羧酸 不饱和脂肪酸 芳香酸 按羧基数目分类 一元酸、二元酸、多元酸
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University 10.1.1 羧酸的分类 (Classification) 按烃基分类 脂肪酸 饱和脂肪酸 不饱和脂肪酸 芳香酸 羧酸 按羧基数目分类 一元酸 二元酸 多元酸
1012羧酸的命名 (Nomenclature) 系统命名 云将相应的烃名改为某酸,羧基始终编为1号; 若主链含烯键→某烯酸;>Cω→某碳烯酸 羧基直接连接在环上的 烃名十羧酸——脂肪酸 烃名十甲酸——芳香酸 r俗名 根据其来源命名,如: 」蚁酸、醋酸、草酸、软脂酸、硬脂酸
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University 系统命名 将相应的烃名改为某酸 羧基始终编为 1 号 ; 若主链含烯键 某烯 酸 >C10 某碳 烯 酸 羧基直接连接在环上的 : 烃名 羧酸 —— 脂肪酸 烃名 甲酸 —— 芳香酸 10.1.2 羧酸的命 名 (Nomenclature) 俗名 根据其来源命名 如 蚁酸 醋酸 草酸 软脂酸 硬脂酸
d Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids that are derived from openchain alkanes are systematically named by replacing the terminal -e of the corresponding alkane name with -oic acid Compounds that have a --CooH group g bonded to a ring are named using the g suffix-carboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid carbon is attached to c1 and is not itself o numbered in this system
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids that are derived from openchain alkanes are systematically named by replacing the terminal –e of the corresponding alkane name with –oic acid. Compounds that have a —COOH group bonded to a ring are named using the suffix –carboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid carbon is attached to C1 and is not itself numbered in this system
CH CH3 CHCh2 Ch2c--oh 4-甲基戊酸 4-Methylpentanoic acid CH2CH3 CH3 O Ho-CCHoCHCHoCHoCHCHoC-OH 3-甲基-6-乙基辛二酸 3-Ethyl-6-methyloctanedioic acid
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University CH 3CHCH 2CH 2 C O OH CH 3 4-甲基戊酸 4-Methylpentanoic acid CC H 2CHCH 2CH 2CH C H 2 C O OH O CH 3 HO CH 2CH 3 3-甲基-6-乙基辛二酸 3-Ethyl-6-methyloctanedioic acid
COOH 2 3-溴环己烷羧酸 4 Br 3-Bromocyclohexanecarboxylic acid COOH 2 1-环戊烯羧酸 o 1- Cvclopentenecarboxylic acid
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University COOH Br 1 2 3 4 5 6 3-Bromoc yclohexanecarbox ylic acid 3-溴环己烷羧酸 1-环戊烯羧酸 COOH 1 2 4 3 5 1-C yclo pentenecarbox ylic acid