分
分词
分词的分类 分词分现在分词、过去分词两种。过去分词就只有 种形式done现在分词有四种形式: 主动式 被动式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done dong的基本含义是:表主动、正在进行 done的基本含义是:表被动、已经完成 being done(常作定语):表一个被动的动作正在 进行 having(been)done(作状语,不能作定语) 所表示的动作在谓语动 词之前发生
• 分词的分类: • 分词分现在分词、过去分词两种。过去分词就只有 一种形式done,现在分词有四种形式: • doing的基本含义是:表主动、正在进行 done的基本含义是: 表被动、已经完成 being done(常作定语):表一个被动的动作正在 • 进行 having (been) done(作状语,不能作定语): • 所表示的动作在谓语动 • 词之前发生。 • 主动式 被动式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done
分词的句法功能 作表语 1一些动词中文含义是“使”,作表语时,如果是主 语具有的特征(令人……)就用 doing,如果是主语因 引起的某种状态(感到.)就要用done move(使激动) please(使高兴) tire(使疲倦) dumbfound(使目瞪口呆) surprise(使奇怪) puzl(使迷惑) astonish(使惊奇) satisfy(使满意) amaze(使惊愕) Inspire(使鼓舞) interes(使感兴趣) discourage(使灰心) excite(使兴奋) exhaust(使衰竭、疲倦) frighten(使害怕) bore(使烦) Wory(使担忧 confuse(使混淆)
分词的句法功能 一、作表语 1.一些动词中文含义是“使……”,作表语时,如果是主 语具有的特征( 令人 ……)就用doing,如果是主语因… 引起的某种状态(感到…)就要用done. move(使激动) tire(使疲倦) surprise(使奇怪) astonish(使惊奇) amaze(使惊愕) interest(使感兴趣) excite(使兴奋) frighten(使害怕) worry(使担忧) please(使高兴) dumbfound(使目瞪口呆) puzzle(使迷惑) satisfy(使满意) inspire(使鼓舞) discourage(使灰心) exhaust( 使衰竭、疲倦) bore(使烦) confuse( 使混淆)
2另一类动词其含义仍然是“使.”但并 不表示主语的特征,只表示主语的状态,均用 done作表语 station(使驻扎)置.于某处 eg. Those soldiers are stationed beside the sea. seat(使就坐) eg. i found them seated in the back. locate/ situate(使坐落) eg. Our school is located/situated by a river. wound/ injure(使受伤) eg. His brother was wounded in the first world war. They were injured in the car accident expose (使曝光、使露光) eg. his skin is often exposed to the sun occupy eg. We are always occupied with English study
• 2.另一类动词其含义仍然是“使……”,但并 不表示主语的特征,只表示主语的状态,均用 done作表语 station (使驻扎)/置…… 于某处 • eg. Those soldiers are stationed beside the sea. seat (使就坐) • eg. I found them seated in the back. locate/situate(使坐落) • eg. Our school is located/situated by a river. wound/injure(使受伤) • eg. His brother was wounded in the First World War. • They were injured in the car accident. expose(使曝光、使露光) • eg.His skin is often exposed to the sun. occupy • eg .We are always occupied with English study
还有一些固定的短语: be lost in be covered with be prepared for · be determined to do be caught in be devoted to sth/doing sth be stuck · be faced with be contented with be hidden in be dressed (他们都有一个共同点:几乎都可以换成sb/ oneself) seat sb/oneself 主要靠平时积累 · dress sb/ oneself expose sb/ oneself plant sb/oneself prepare sb/oneself devote oneself to determine sb/ oneself station sb/oneself occupy sb/ oneself
• 还有一些固定的短语: • be lost in, • be prepared for • be determined to do • be devoted to sth/doing sth • be faced with • be hidden in • be dressed ( 他们都有一个共同点:几乎都可以换成…sb/oneself ) • seat sb/oneself • dress sb/oneself • expose sb/ oneself • prepare sb/oneself • determine sb/ oneself • occupy sb/ oneself be covered with be caught in be stuck be contented with plant sb/oneself devote oneself to station sb/oneself 主 要 靠 平 时 积 累