Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars No,发端于教材/—以教材为经线深度掌握核心点 课前基础自查 (一)分类记单词一一省时高效 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形) Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意) atmosphere n 大气层:气氛 1. fundamental adj基 的2. solar adj.太阳的;日光的 2. chain l.链子;连锁:锁链 3. thus ad.因此;于是 3 dissolve vt.&ni.溶解,解散4. gentle adji温和的:文雅的 4. acid n.酸 5. climate n.气候 5. multiply vi.&vt.乘:增加 6. crash vi&vt.碰撞;坠落 6. gravity n.万有引力:重力 7. pull n.&vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力 7. extinct ad.灭绝的:绝种的 8. float vi.&vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮 8. exhaust vt.用尽;耗尽;使精疲力尽|n.漂浮物 9. satellite n.卫星;人造卫星 9. system n.系统;体系;制度 10. spaceship n.宇宙飞船 10. theory n.学说;理论 1 physicist n.物理学家 Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变) 1. globe n,球体:地球仪:地球→/[语境活用] 1. Some believe in the existence(exist) of adi.全球性的;全世界的 2. violent ad猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的 life on mars, while others consider it as a myth. violence n.暴力→ violently adt.暴 2. Last night we had a discussion, which 力地;猛烈地 became more and more violent. finally we 3. unlike prep.与……不同:不像→like reached an agreement that we will never use vt.喜欢prep.像n.爱好→ dislike vt..不 violence whatever happens. (violent) 喜欢:讨厌n.不喜欢的事物→ likely ad ji 3. Playing computer games will not only do 可能的 harm to your physical health, but 4 harmful ad有害的→ harm n.&vt.伤 harmful to your mental health. So there is no 害→ harmless ad无害的 harm in advising you to give it up.(harm) 5. exist vi.存在:生存→ existence n.存 4. He often says that he doesn t believe in 在;生存 any religion but meanwhile he respects 6. puzzle vt.&vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难 others'religious freedom (religion 谜;难题→ puzzled adj感到困惑的
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 一、课前基础自查 (一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意) 1.fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的 2.chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链 3.dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解；解散 4.acid n. 酸 5.multiply vi.& vt. 乘；增加 6.gravity n. 万有引力；重力 7.extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 8.exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽 9.satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星 10.spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形) 1.atmosphere n． 大气层；气氛 2.solar adj. 太阳的；日光的 3.thus adv. 因此；于是 4.gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的 5.climate n. 气候 6.crash vi.& vt. 碰撞；坠落 7.pull n．& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力 8.float vi.& vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n. 漂浮物 9.system n. 系统；体系；制度 10.theory n. 学说；理论 11.physicist n. 物理学家 Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变) 1.globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的 2.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 →violence n．暴力→violently adv.暴 力地；猛烈地 3.unlike prep.与……不同；不像→like vt.喜欢 prep.像 n.爱好→dislike vt.不 喜欢；讨厌 n.不喜欢的事物→likely adj. 可能的 4.harmful adj.有害的→harm n．& vt.伤 害→harmless adj.无害的 5.exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存 在；生存 6.puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难 n. 谜；难题→puzzled adj.感到困惑的 [语境活用] 1.Some believe in the existence (exist) of life on Mars, while others consider it as a myth. 2.Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens.(violent) 3.Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.(harm) 4.He often says that he doesn't believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others' religious freedom.(religion)
puzzling adJi令人困惑的 5. Since my younger brother is fond of 7. religion n.宗教;宗教信仰→ religious biology, he is determined to become a adi宗教上的;信奉宗教的:虔诚的 wnen ne grows up.(biology) 8. biology n.生物学→ biologist n.生 6. As is known to us, everyone has his like 物学家→ biological ad.生物的 and dislikes My little sister is fond of pop 9. reaction n.反应;回应→ react v.反 music. She is likely to become a famous pop singer in the future. (like) (二)练中记短语一一记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空) 1. Once he has made up his mind, no one can prevent him from carrying out the plan. 及时;终于 2. At last the firefighters put out the fire 下蛋 in the supermarket, which broke out at ten 3. give birth to产生:分娩 this morning. 4. in one' s turn轮到某人 3. She married at 17 and gave birth to her 5. watch out for密切注意;当心;\ first baby shortly after. 提防 Mr Brown intended to catch the early train 6. cherup感到高兴;感到振奋 but he didn't get up in time 依靠;取决于 5. Do remember to watch out for cars while 8. break out突发;爆发 9. prevent ... from阻止;制止 crossing the street. 6. You ve made me suffer in the past, so now 10. block out挡住(光线) e hang of熟悉;掌握;理 7. Only by practising time and time again can 12. now that既然 you get the hang of the grammar rules 8. She bought a heavy curtain to block out the light (三)仿写明句式一一以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 1. This produced a chain reaction,动词+it+ (2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我认为 hich made it possible for life to adji/n(宾补)参加晚宴时带点小礼物是个好主 +to do
→puzzling adj.令人困惑的 7.religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 8.biology n．生物学→biologist n．生 物学家→biological adj.生物的 9.reaction n．反应；回应→react v．反 应 5.Since my younger brother is fond of biology,_he is determined to become a biologist when he grows up.(biology)． 6.As is known to us, everyone has his likes and dislikes.My little sister is fond of pop music.She is likely to become a famous pop singer in the future.(like) (二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空) 1.in_time 及时；终于 2.lay_eggs 下蛋 3.give_birth_to 产生；分娩 4.in_one's_turn 轮到某人 5.watch_out__for 密切注意；当心； 提防 6.cheer__up 感到高兴；感到振奋 7.depend_on 依靠；取决于 8.break_out 突发；爆发 9.prevent_...from 阻止；制止 10.block_out 挡住(光线) 11.get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理 解 12.now_that 既然 1.Once he has made up his mind, no one can prevent him from carrying out the plan. 2.At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which broke_out at ten this morning. 3.She married at 17 and gave_birth_to her first baby shortly after. 4.Mr.Brown intended to catch the early train, but he didn't get up in_time. 5.Do remember to watch_out_for cars while crossing the street. 6.You've made me suffer in the past, so now you, in_your_turn,_suffer again！ 7.Only by practising time and time again can you get_the_hang_of the grammar rules. 8.She bought a heavy curtain to block_out the light. (三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 动词＋it＋ adj./n.(宾补) ＋to do。 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我认为 参加晚宴时带点小礼物是个好主 意
这就产生了连锁反应,使生命的发展 I think it a good idea to bring 成为可能 small gift when we attend a dinner party. 2. But when I tried to step 杰茜卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和 forward. I found i was carried 精力,所以我相信她这次能成功 twice as far as on the earth and倍数表达法:倍 Jessica devoted fell over three times as mi uch time and e 但当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉|as…as nergy as she did before, so I 我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在 believe she will succeed this 地球上的两倍远,因而我摔倒了 time 3.“Oh,dear,” I cried walking does need a bit of 既然你精通英语,你就可以申请这 practice now that gravity has 份工作。 now that引 changed.” Now that you have a good comma 原因状语从句 “天哪,”我大声说,“既然重力改 nd of English,you can apply for 变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练 the 4 We watched. amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the 他在风雪中度过了七天,又冷又饿 spaceship as the earth’ s gravity|形容词作伴随 He spent seven days in the wind increased and snow, cold and hung 我们惊奇地看着,随着地球的引力增 加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。 长化 二、课堂重点深 ●》重点单词 1. harmful adj有害的 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 OAs we all know, a bad eating habit is harmful(harm) to one's health. (2As far as I'm concerned, there is no harm in making an apology to him first. 补全句子 These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common causing/doing serious harm to life and the environment
这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展 成为可能。 I think it_a_good_idea_to_bring a small gift when we attend a dinner party. 2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉 我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在 地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。 倍数表达法：倍 数＋ as ...as ... 杰茜卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和 精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。 Jessica devoted three_times_as_much_time_and_e nergy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time. 3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” “天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改 变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练 了。” now that 引导 原因状语从句。 既然你精通英语，你就可以申请这 份工作。 Now_that_you_have_a_good_comma nd_of_English,_you can apply for the job. 4.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased. 我们惊奇地看着，随着地球的引力增 加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。 形容词作伴随 状语。 他在风雪中度过了七天，又冷又饿。 He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold_and_hungry. 二、课堂重点深化 1．harmful adj.有害的 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①As we all know, a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health. ②As far as I'm concerned, there is no harm in making an apology to him first. 补全句子 ③ These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, causing/doing_serious_harm_to life and the environment
这些天,违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见,对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。 [系统归纳] (1)be harmful to sb /sth 对某人/某物有害 2 do/ cause harm to sb /sth 对某人/某物有害 do/cause sb /sth harm 3There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有坏处 It does no harm to do sth 重点强化] 易错对对碰(to/for) OAs we all know, the polluted water and air are harmful to people's health anyway, the news seems to be good for you. 佳句时时写(一句多译) 众所周知,过量饮酒对我们的健康有害。 6 What is known to us is that drinking too much is harmful to our health.(harmful) OIt is known to us that drinking too much does harm to our health. (harm n 2. exist vI.存在;生存 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 Even though he is a little boy strange ideas always exist in his mind @Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist) 3The parking place for bikes was an existing (exist)problem for a long time [系统归纳] (1)exist in 存在于……之中 靠……为生 There exists 某地有……;存在 (2)existence n 存在;生存 come into existence 产生:成立:开始存在 (3)existing adj. 现存的;现行的 [重点强化] 佳句时时写 ④众所周知,老人和年轻人之间存在代沟
这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。 [系统归纳] (1)be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害 2 do/cause harm to sb./sth. do/cause sb./sth.harm 对某人/某物有害 3 There is no harm in doing sth. It does no harm to do sth. 做某事没有坏处 [重点强化] 易错对对碰(to/for) ④As we all know, the polluted water and air are harmful to people's health. ⑤Anyway, the news seems to be good for you. 佳句时时写(一句多译) 众所周知，过量饮酒对我们的健康有害。 ⑥ What is known to us is that drinking too much is_harmful_to_our_health.(harmful) ⑦It is known to us that drinking too much does_harm_to_our_health.(harm n．) 2．exist vi.存在；生存 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①Even though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exist in his mind. ②Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)． ③The parking place for bikes was an existing (exist) problem for a long time in our school. [系统归纳] (1)exist in 存在于……之中 exist on 靠……为生 There exists ... 某地有……；存在…… (2)existence n. 存在；生存 come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在 (3)existing adj. 现存的；现行的 [重点强化] 佳句时时写 ④众所周知，老人和年轻人之间存在代沟
As is known to us, there exists a generation gap between the young and the old. 3. puzzleκt.(使)迷惑;(使)为难;(使)窘困n.(游戏的)猜谜;难题;谜 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 OThe police are still puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened @2She lost heart since she failed the exam, because her future was puzzling SHearing the managers explanation, he had a puzzled (puzzle) expression on his fi [系统归纳] (1)puzzle about/over 冥思苦想;苦苦思索 (2)a puzzle to sb 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 (3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的;困惑的 be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 [重点强化] 易错对对碰 @There was a puzzled look on her face be puzzling problem puzzled her. (puzzle 佳句时时写 ⑤事实上,困扰你的事情对于中国的许多父母来说也是一个难题 What puzzles you is actually a puzzle e to many parents in China. ●》重点短语、句式 1. in time及时;终于;迟早 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 OAs a proverb goes, "Where there's a will, there's a way. "Our efforts will pay off in time. @We reached on the top of Mount Tai, just in time to en iov (en joy) the rising sun LUckily, I adapted to the new surroundings and everything returned to normal in no time [系统归纳] (1)in time for 刚好赶上…
As is known to us, there_exists_a_generation_gap between the young and the old. 3．puzzle vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；(使)窘困 n.(游戏的)猜谜；难题；谜 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①The police are still puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened. ②She lost heart since she failed the exam, because her future was puzzling (puzzle)． ③Hearing the manager's explanation, he had a puzzled (puzzle) expression on his face. [系统归纳] (1)puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索 (2)a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 (3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的；困惑的 be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 [重点强化] 易错对对碰 ④There was a puzzled look on her face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle) 佳句时时写 ⑤事实上，困扰你的事情对于中国的许多父母来说也是一个难题。 What_puzzles_you_is_actually_a_puzzle_to many parents in China. 1．in time 及时；终于；迟早 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①As a proverb goes, “Where there's a will, there's a way.” Our efforts will pay off in time. ②We reached on the top of Mount Tai, just in time to_enjoy (enjoy) the rising sun. ③Luckily, I adapted to the new surroundings and everything returned to normal in no time. [系统归纳] (1)in time for ... 刚好赶上……