k=考易网 1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 17. Before you start reading, it is important [A] to make sure why you are readi [B] to relate the information to your purpose IC] to remember what you read [D] to choose an interesting book A] only two simultaneous processes BI primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically [C] merely distinguishing between facts and opinions D] mainly drawing accurate inferences 19. A good reader is one who A] relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter [C] takes a critical attitude in his reading [D] is able to check the facts presented against what he has already known Text 2 If you live in a large city, you are quite familiar with some of the pro of noise, but because of some of its harmful effects, you may not be aware of the extent of its influence on human behavior. Although everyone more or less knows what noise it is sounds that one would rather not hear, it is perha best to define it more precisely for scientific purposes. One such definition is that noise is sounds that are unrelated to the task at hand. Thus stimuli that at one time might be considered relevant will at another time be considered noise, depending on what one is doing at the moment. In recent years there has been a great deal of interest in the effects of noise on human behavior, and concepts such as"noise pollution have arisen, together with movements to reducenoise Exposure to loud noises can definitely f touse a partial or complete loss of hearing, depending on the intensity,duration, and frequency ition of the noise. Many jobs present noise hazards, such as working in factories and around jet aircraft, driving farm tractors, and working(or sitting) in music halls where rock bands are playing. In general, continuous exposure to sounds of over 80 decibels(a measure of sound)c considered dangerous. Decibel values correspond to various sounds. Sounds above about 85 decibels may, if exposure is for a sufficient period of time, produce significant hearing loss Actual loss will depend upon the particular frequencies to which one is exposed, and whether the sound is continuous or Noise can have unexpected harmful effects on performance of certain kinds of tasks, for instance, if one is a watch keeping task that requires vigilance, in which he is responsible for detecting weak Isome kind(.g, watching a radar screen for the appearance of aircraft) Communicating with other people is unfavorably affected by noise. If you have ridden in the rear of a jet transport, you may have noticed that it was difficult to carry on a conversation at first, and that, eventually, you adjusted the loudness of your speech to compensate for the effect. The problem is noise 20. Noise differs from sound in that A] it is sounds that interfere with the task being done [B] it is a special type of loud sound [C] it is usually unavoidable in big cities UUU.<ROERS.COIl
1988 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 www.kaoeasy.com 21 17. Before you start reading, it is important ________. [A] to make sure why you are reading [B] to relate the information to your purpose [C] to remember what you read [D] to choose an interesting book 18. Reading activity involves ________. [A] only two simultaneous processes [B] primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically [C] merely distinguishing between facts and opinions [D] mainly drawing accurate inferences 19. A good reader is one who ________. [A] relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter [B] does lots of thinking in his reading [C] takes a critical attitude in his reading [D] is able to check the facts presented against what he has already known Text 2 If you live in a large city, you are quite familiar with some of the problems of noise, but because of some of its harmful effects, you may not be aware of the extent of its influence on human behavior. Although everyone more or less knows what noise is, i.e., it is sounds that one would rather not hear, it is perhaps best to define it more precisely for scientific purposes. One such definition is that noise is sounds that are unrelated to the task at hand. Thus stimuli that at one time might be considered relevant will at another time be considered noise, depending on what one is doing at the moment. In recent years there has been a great deal of interest in the effects of noise on human behavior, and concepts such as “noise pollution” have arisen, together with movements to reduce noise. Exposure to loud noises can definitely produce a partial or complete loss of hearing, depending on the intensity, duration, and frequency composition of the noise. Many jobs present noise hazards, such as working in factories and around jet aircraft, driving farm tractors, and working (or sitting) in music halls where rock bands are playing. In general, continuous exposure to sounds of over 80 decibels (a measure of the loudness of sound) can be considered dangerous. Decibel values correspond to various sounds. Sounds above about 85 decibels may, if exposure is for a sufficient period of time, produce significant hearing loss. Actual loss will depend upon the particular frequencies to which one is exposed, and whether the sound is continuous or intermittent. Noise can have unexpected harmful effects on performance of certain kinds of tasks, for instance, if one is performing a watch keeping task that requires vigilance, in which he is responsible for detecting weak signals of some kind (e.g., watching a radar screen for the appearance of aircraft). Communicating with other people is unfavorably affected by noise. If you have ridden in the rear of a jet transport, you may have noticed that it was difficult to carry on a conversation at first, and that, eventually, you adjusted the loudness of your speech to compensate for the effect. The problem is noise. 20. Noise differs from sound in that ________. [A] it is sounds that interfere with the task being done [B] it is a special type of loud sound [C] it is usually unavoidable in big cities
k=若易网 1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 [D] it can be defined more precisely than the latter 21. One of the harmful effects of noise on human performance is that [A] it reduces one's sensitivity [C] it deprives one of the enjoyment of music D] it drowns out conversations at worksites 22. The purpose of this passage is [A] to define the effects of noise on human behavior B] to warn people of the danger of noise pollution [C] to give advice as to how to prevent hearing loss [D] to tell the difference between noise and sound Text 3 The traditional belief that a woman's place is in the home and that a woman ought not to go k can hardly be reasonably maintained in present conditions It is said that it is a womans ti for the children, but families today tend to be small and with a year or two between children. (Thus/a woman's whole period of childbearing may occur within five years. Furthermore, with compulsory education from e age of five or six her role as chief educator of her children soon ceases. Th n if we agree that a woman should stay at home to look after her children before they are of school age, for many women, this period would extend only for about ten years It might be argued that the house-proud woman would still find plenty to do about the home. That may be so, but it is certainly no longer necessary for a woman to spend her whole life cooking, cleaning, mending and sewing. Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirely automatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes. Refriger to store food for long periods and many pre-cooked foods are obtainable in tins. Shopping, instead of being a daily task, can be completed in one day a week. The new man-made fibers are more hardwiring than natural fibers and greatly reduce mending, while good ready-made clothes are cheap and plentiful Apart from womens own happiness of the community must be considered Modern society cannot do well without the contribl at women can make in professions and other kinds of work There is a serious shortage of nurses and teachers, to mention only two of the occupations followed by women. It is extremely wasteful to give years of training at public expense only to have the qualified teacher or nurse marry ear or two and be lost forever to her profession. The training, it is true, will help her in duties as a but if she continued to work, her service would be more widely useful Many factories and shops, too, are largely staffed by women, many of them married. While here the question of not so important, industry and trade would be seriously short of staff if married women did not work 23. The author holds that t place for all women, married or otherwise, is the home, not elsewhere [B] all married women should have some occupation outside the home [C] a married woman should give first priority to her duties as a mother D] it is desirable for uneducated married women to stay at home and take care of the family A] would devote her whole life to her family [B] would take her own happiness and that of her family as her chief concern [C] would still need some special training at public expense to help her in her duties as a housewife UUU.<ROERS.COIl
1988 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 22 www.kaoeasy.com [D] it can be defined more precisely than the latter 21. One of the harmful effects of noise on human performance is that ________. [A] it reduces one’s sensitivity [B] it renders the victim helpless [C] it deprives one of the enjoyment of music [D] it drowns out conversations at worksites 22. The purpose of this passage is ________. [A] to define the effects of noise on human behavior [B] to warn people of the danger of noise pollution [C] to give advice as to how to prevent hearing loss [D] to tell the difference between noise and sound Text 3 The traditional belief that a woman’s place is in the home and that a woman ought not to go out to work can hardly be reasonably maintained in present conditions. It is said that it is a woman’s task to care for the children, but families today tend to be small and with a year or two between children. Thus a woman’s whole period of childbearing may occur within five years. Furthermore, with compulsory education from the age of five or six her role as chief educator of her children soon ceases. Thus, even if we agree that a woman should stay at home to look after her children before they are of school age, for many women, this period would extend only for about ten years. It might be argued that the house-proud woman would still find plenty to do about the home. That may be so, but it is certainly no longer necessary for a woman to spend her whole life cooking, cleaning, mending and sewing. Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirely automatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes. Refrigerators have made it possible to store food for long periods and many pre-cooked foods are obtainable in tins. Shopping, instead of being a daily task, can be completed in one day a week. The new man-made fibers are more hardwiring than natural fibers and greatly reduce mending, while good ready-made clothes are cheap and plentiful. Apart from women’s own happiness, the needs of the community must be considered. Modern society cannot do well without the contribution that women can make in professions and other kinds of work. There is a serious shortage of nurses and teachers, to mention only two of the occupations followed by women. It is extremely wasteful to give years of training at public expense only to have the qualified teacher or nurse marry after a year or two and be lost forever to her profession. The training, it is true, will help her in duties as a mother, but if she continued to work, her service would be more widely useful. Many factories and shops, too, are largely staffed by women, many of them married. While here the question of training is not so important, industry and trade would be seriously short of staff if married women did not work. 23. The author holds that ________. [A] the right place for all women, married or otherwise, is the home, not elsewhere [B] all married women should have some occupation outside the home [C] a married woman should give first priority to her duties as a mother [D] it is desirable for uneducated married women to stay at home and take care of the family 24. A house-proud woman ________. [A] would devote her whole life to her family [B] would take her own happiness and that of her family as her chief concern [C] would still need some special training at public expense to help her in her duties as a housewife
k=若易网 1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 [D] would take full advantage of modern household appliances [A] can operate just as well even without women participation [B] has been greatly hampered in its developm [C] cannot operate properly without the contribution of women DI will be seriously affected by the continuing shortage of working heavy industries and international trade Section Ill Close Test【点击讨论此题>】 For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled (A/,/E Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole pasture ore making yourchoice (10 points) In 1620, a small sailboat named the Mayflower left England for the New World the Jamestown colony on the warm shore of virginia. Its one hundred passengers were the Pilgrims. They were looking for a place where they could worship God 26 Because of strong winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its 27, The brave group of colonists finally had to land at Plymouth on the rocky coast of Massachusetts in December 1620. It was the middle of the stern northern winter. 28 months of starvation, disease, and death were ahead of them. Only the strongest of the pilgrims 29_that winter. Many women gave their own pitiful rations to their children and died for lack of food for themselves. Living 30 began to improve in the spring of 1621. There were wild vegetables. There were berries and fruit. Fish and game were plentiful. Therefore, they were able to get enough fresh meat despite their lack of skill or experience in and fishing. The cold health 31 with the warm weather and their better diet In the fall, they look back 32 year. They were both regretful and thankful. Only fifty of the original one hundred passengers d. The price in human life and tragedy had been great. On the other hand, they saw new hope for the future. A splendid harvest was them. They were ready for the second winter with nce. They had eleven crude houses for protection against the severe winter Seven were for far four were for communal use. 34, they had established a treaty of dian neighbors under Chief Massasoit in the summer. The woods an became safe. When the Mayflower returned to England that summer, there were no olonists35 At the end of their first year in their new home, the Pilgrims wanted to celebrate with a real holiday. It was their first Thanks giving Day heir own style [B] in their own way [C] on their own [D] of their own 27(Course 28.[A] Uncomfortable [ B] Bad Unfavorable [C] survived DI spent 30.[A] situations [C] conditions D] circumstances 31.[A] strengthened [C] recovered [D] improved 32.[A]in C]over 33.[A]or [B] behind [C]for [DI beyond UUU.<ROERS.COIl
1988 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 www.kaoeasy.com 23 [D] would take full advantage of modern household appliances 25. According to the author, modern society ________. [A] can operate just as well even without women participation [B] has been greatly hampered in its development by the shortage of women nurses and women teachers [C] cannot operate properly without the contribution of women [D] will be seriously affected by the continuing shortage of working women in heavy industries and international trade Section III Close Test 【点击讨论此题>>】 For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole passage before making your choice. (10 points) In 1620, a small sailboat named the Mayflower left England for the New World. The Mayflower headed for the Jamestown colony on the warm shore of Virginia. Its one hundred passengers were the Pilgrims. They were looking for a place where they could worship God __26__. Because of strong winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its __27__. The brave group of colonists finally had to land at Plymouth on the rocky coast of Massachusetts in December 1620. It was the middle of the stern northern winter. __28__ months of starvation, disease, and death were ahead of them. Only the strongest of the pilgrims __29__ that winter. Many women gave their own pitiful rations to their children and died for lack of food for themselves. Living __30__ began to improve in the spring of 1621. There were wild vegetables. There were berries and fruit. Fish and game were plentiful. Therefore, they were able to get enough fresh meat despite their lack of skill or experience in hunting and fishing. The colonists’health __31__ with the warm weather and their better diet. In the fall, they look back __32__ the past year. They were both regretful and thankful. Only fifty of the original one hundred passengers remained. The price in human life and tragedy had been great. On the other hand, they saw new hope for the future. A splendid harvest was __33__ them. They were ready for the second winter with confidence. They had eleven crude houses for protection against the severe winter. Seven were for families, and four were for communal use. __34__, they had established a treaty of friendship with their Indian neighbors under Chief Massasoit in the summer. The woods and forests became safe. When the Mayflower returned to England that summer, there were no colonists __35__. At the end of their first year in their new home, the Pilgrims wanted to celebrate with a real holiday. It was their first Thanks giving Day. 26.[A] in their own style [B] in their own way [C] on their own [D] of their own 27.[A] course [B] route [C] passage [D] channel 28.[A] Uncomfortable [B] Bad [C] Unfavorable [D] Terrible 29.[A] passed [B] sustained [C] survived [D] spent 30.[A] situations [B] environments [C] conditions [D] circumstances 31.[A] strengthened [B] regained [C] recovered [D] improved 32.[A] in [B] of [C] over [D] at 33.[A] on [B] behind [C] for [D] beyond
k=考易网,19年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 34.A Best of all B] For the best [C] To their best [D] All in al 35.[A] ashore [C] about Section v error-detection and correction【点击讨论此题 Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts. These parts are labeled [a, B/,/c/ and D/ Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down your correction on the line in the ANSWER SHEET(10 points EXAMPLE: ER: ioy up if you want to buy something because [A there's[B] hardly something ANSWER: [C] anything 6. The union and the management are having such a difficult [a] time agreeing ntract for [c he forthcoming year that the workers may go on strike DI 37. He got up, walked across [A] the room, and with [B] a sharp quick movement flung [C] the door widely open. [ D 38. His victory in the final [A] was no more [BI convinced [C] than I had expected. [DI 39. Because there are less [] members present tonight than [B] there were [CI last night, we must wait until the next voting. DI 40. Weve given him just [A] about everything he asked: [BI whatever else [C] can [D] he want? 41. In note-taking [A], a strict discipline has to be kept [B] and all inessential details ignored [CI unnecessary words eliminated. DI 42. When the tank car carried [a] the pe gas ran off B] the rails, the firemen tried to isolate the village from [C]all traffic. DI 43. To be [a] frank, that B] is a great relief to have the task fulfilled[c] in so short a time. DI At [A] a minimum, the are hoping of achieving [B] an agreement in principle, [C] with details to be 5. It is encouraging [A) a note [B] that in recent years, cigarette smokers have been in the decline [C] ong Section V Verbs Forms【点击讨论此题>】 Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verbs given in the brackets. Put your answer in the ANSWER SHEET (10 points) It is highly desirable that a new president ANSWER:(should) be appointed 46. In the Middle as Venice and other Italian cities, there developed an intellectual movement(call) humanism, which was the basis of the renaissance 47. If law and order(be)not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe 48. The colonel was decorated for bravery,(fight)off the enemy 49. It's quite obvious that Paul won't sell his business now that hes got it(run)so well UUU.<ROERS.COIl
1988 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 24 www.kaoeasy.com 34.[A] Best of all [B] For the best [C] To their best [D] All in all 35.[A] ashore [B] around [C] about [D] aboard Section IV Error-detection and Correction 【点击讨论此题>>】 Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts. These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down your correction on the line in the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) EXAMPLE: You’ve to hurry up if you want to buy something because [A] there’s [B] hardly something [C] left. [D] ANSWER: [C] anything 36. The union and the management are having such a difficult [A] time agreeing [B] on a contract for [C] the forthcoming year that the workers may go on strike [D]. 37. He got up, walked across [A] the room, and with [B] a sharp quick movement flung [C] the door widely open. [D] 38. His victory in the final [A] was no more [B] convinced [C] than I had expected. [D] 39. Because there are less [A] members present tonight than [B] there were [C] last night, we must wait until the next voting. [D] 40. We’ve given him just [A] about everything he asked; [B] whatever else [C] can [D] he want? 41. In note-taking [A], a strict discipline has to be kept [B] and all inessential details ignored [C] unnecessary words eliminated. [D] 42. When the tank car carried [A] the poisonous gas ran off [B] the rails, the firemen tried to isolate the village from [C] all traffic. [D] 43. To be [A] frank, that [B] is a great relief to have the task fulfilled [C] in so short a time. [D] 44. At [A] a minimum, the negotiators are hoping of achieving [B] an agreement in principle, [C] with details to be worked out [D] later. 45. It is encouraging [A] to note [B] that in recent years, cigarette smokers have been in the decline [C], especially among older [D] people. Section V Verbs Forms 【点击讨论此题>>】 Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verbs given in the brackets. Put your answer in the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) EXAMPLE: It is highly desirable that a new president ________ (appointed) for this college. ANSWER: (should) be appointed 46. In the Middle Ages, in Rome, Venice and other Italian cities, there developed an intellectual movement (call) humanism, which was the basis of the Renaissance. 47. If law and order (be) not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe. 48. The colonel was decorated for bravery, (fight) off the enemy. 49. It’s quite obvious that Paul won’t sell his business now that he’s got it (run) so well
k=考易网 1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 50.(Not wish) to disturb his baby sister, he tiptoed into the room 51. I happened(talk) with him when he was hit by a ball and collapsed The applicants(interview) are required to bring all the necessary papers 3. Victor obviously doesnt know what's happened, otherwise he(not make)such a stupid remark 54. Such(be)the case, there are no grounds to justify your complaints The car shows no signs of (repair); it looks like a new one Section vi chinese- English translation【点击讨论此题>】 Translate the following sentence into English. (15 points) 56.恶劣的天气使他无法按时动身去北京 57.请先把事故的原因查清楚再向主任汇报 直到演出已经开始,他才匆匆赶到 59.经当地政府批准后,他们取消了原定的项目 60.他听到这意外消息,吃惊得连一句话也说不出来。 Section vil english- Chinese Translation【点击讨论此题>>】 Translate the following passage into Chinese. Only the underlined sentences are to be translated.(20 Seated behind the front desk at a New York firm, the receptionist was efficient. Stylishly dressed, the firm's newest employee had a pleasant telephone voice and a natural charm that put clients at ease. The company was pleased:(61)Clearly, this was a person who took considerable pride in personal appearance. David King, the recepionist, is unusual, but byno nger necessarilv men. all secretaries and receptionists are no longer automatically women. The number of men in women-dominated fields is still small and they havent attracted the attention that has often followed women advancing into male-dominated fields, but men are moving into more and more jobs that have traditionally been held by women Strictly speaking, the phe on is not new. For the past several decades, men have been quietly ent fields such as nursing sd nd elementary education. But today no job seems off-limits. Mer reals on airplanes.(63)These changes are helping to influence some of the about the types of work men and women can do-but they also produce some deniable problems for the men who are entering those fields formerly dominated by women. What Kinds of men venture into these so-called"women's fields"? All kinds. (64)"I don't know of an definite answers I'd be comfortable with. "explains Joseph Pleck, Ph. D, of the Wellesley College Centre Sam Ormont, for example, a thirty-year-old nurse at a Boston hospital, went into nursing because the army had trained him as a medical worker(65)I found that work very interesting. he recalled,"and when I got out of the service it iust seemed natural for me to go into something medical. I wasn t really interested in becoming a doctor. Thirty-five-year-old David King, an out-of-work actor, found a job as a recept because he was having trouble landing roles in Broadway plays and he needed to pay the rent. (66)In other words, men enter"female''jobs out of the same consideration for personal interest and UUU.<ROERS.COIl
1988 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 www.kaoeasy.com 25 50. (Not wish) to disturb his baby sister, he tiptoed into the room. 51. I happened (talk) with him when he was hit by a ball and collapsed. 52. The applicants (interview) are required to bring all the necessary papers. 53. Victor obviously doesn’t know what’s happened, otherwise he (not make) such a stupid remark. 54. Such (be) the case, there are no grounds to justify your complaints. 55. The car shows no signs of (repair); it looks like a new one. Section VI Chinese-English Translation 【点击讨论此题>>】 Translate the following sentence into English. (15 points) 56. 恶劣的天气使他无法按时动身去北京。 57. 请先把事故的原因查清楚再向主任汇报。 58. 直到演出已经开始，他才匆匆赶到。 59. 经当地政府批准后，他们取消了原定的项目。 60. 他听到这意外消息，吃惊得连一句话也说不出来。 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 【点击讨论此题>>】 Translate the following passage into Chinese. Only the underlined sentences are to be translated. (20 points) Seated behind the front desk at a New York firm, the receptionist was efficient. Stylishly dressed, the firm’s newest employee had a pleasant telephone voice and a natural charm that put clients at ease. The company was pleased: (61) Clearly, this was a person who took considerable pride in personal appearance. David King, the receptionist, is unusual, but by no means unique. (62) Just as all truck drivers and construction workers are no longer necessarily men, all secretaries and receptionists are no longer automatically women. The number of men in women-dominated fields is still small and they haven’t attracted the attention that has often followed women advancing into male-dominated fields, but men are moving into more and more jobs that have traditionally been held by women. Strictly speaking, the phenomenon is not new. For the past several decades, men have been quietly entering fields such as nursing, social work and elementary education. But today no job seems off-limits. Men serve coffee in offices and meals on airplanes. (63) These changes are helping to influence some of the long-standing traditions about the types of work men and women can do -- but they also produce some undeniable problems for the men who are entering those fields formerly dominated by women. What kinds of men venture into these so-called “women’s fields”? All kinds. (64) “I don’t know of any definite answers I’d be comfortable with,”explains Joseph Pleck, Ph.D., of the Wellesley College Centre for Research on Women. Sam Ormont, for example, a thirty-year-old nurse at a Boston hospital, went into nursing because the army had trained him as a medical worker. (65) “I found that work very interesting.”he recalled, “and when I got out of the service it just seemed natural for me to go into something medical. I wasn’t really interested in becoming a doctor.”Thirty-five-year-old David King, an out-of-work actor, found a job as a receptionist because he was having trouble landing roles in Broadway plays and he needed to pay the rent. (66) In other words, men enter “female”jobs out of the same consideration for personal interest and